土壤有机氯农药的微生物修复

有机氯农药具有高毒性、高残留、生物富集效应显著的特点,我国从1983年开始逐步禁止使用,但该类农药化学性质稳定、残留期长,目前土壤中仍有很高的检出率,对农业土壤环境、动植物产品和人体健康产生了巨大危害,因此,有机氯农药的安全、高效降解受到了广泛关注,其中,微生物降解是当前研究的重点。作者分析了当前我国土壤有机氯农药的残留状况,介绍了降解有机氯农药的微生物种类、降解途径和机理,并对微生物降解有机氯农药的前景进行了展望。

Microorganisms Repair of Organo-chlorine Pesticides in Soil

Since 1983, organochlorine pesticides has been banned to use in China for its long residual period and stable chemical property, but there is a high detection rate in the soil right now. The high toxicity and bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides do great harm to soil environment of agricultural, animal and vegetable products and the human health consequently, more and more studies focus on the safe and efficient degradation of it. Microbial degradation of organochlorine pesticides in soil is an eco-method. This paper analyzes the residual state of it in soil, reviews the degradation by microorganisms, enzymes and genes,degradation pathways and mechanisms,prospects the research directions on biodegra-dation. It is designed to provide the theoretical basis for further study.