不同时期小麦主栽品种冠层结构研究

研究表明，不同时期小麦主栽品种的冠层结构是不同的，当前品种鲁麦１４株高比５０、６０年代品种碧蚂１号和２号显著降低，上部节间相对较长，穗下节间构成指数Ｉ１值较大鲁麦１４冠层叶片长宽比值较碧蚂１号，济南２号低，旗叶倾角较大，上部叶片消光系数Ｋ较小，下部叶片受光状态较好，使抽穗开花后绿色叶面积下降速度减慢，故鲁麦１４较碧蚂１号和济南２号有一个较长时间的高光合期。对今后如何进一步改善品种的冠层结构与光合性

Canopy Architecture of Major Wheat Cultivars Released in Different Period

The results of study showed that three major wheat cultivars released in different periods were significantly different in canopy architecture. Compared with early cultivars Bima 1 and Jinan 2 released in 1950s and 1960s, the modern cultivar Lumai 14 was characterized by shorter plant height, relatively longer upper internodes, and larger I 1 value. Furthermore, Lumai 14 had a smaller leaf length/width and larger flag leaf angle resulting in a smaller extinction coefficient (k) of upper leaf layers and better light interception situation of lower leaf layers, which accounted for its longer green leaf area duration and high photosynthesis duration after spike emergence and anthesis. In order to raise yield potential of wheat cultivars by further improvement of canopy architecture and photosynthesis, some important questions were discussed.