苹果轮纹病发生规律及条件的研究

1997～2000年开展了负载量、施肥水平对苹果轮纹病的影响试验,并对辽宁省苹果轮纹病发生规律及条件进行了调查研究.结果表明,枝果比过小导致负载量过大,加重轮纹病的发生,枝果比(5～6)∶1的病情指数较低,且有较高的产量和较好的质量.施肥水平比正常量增加0.5或0.75倍不但有利于减轻轮纹病的发生,而且产量显著增加.富士系、元帅系等品种为高感品种,国光、珊夏等少数品种为中度或轻度感病品种,鸡冠为抗病品种.降雨特别是7、8月降雨量大加重粗皮病发生.土壤质地较轻、容重较小、有机质和全N含量高是减轻轮纹病发生的重要条件.连续环剥或过量应用PP333加重轮纹病的发生.

Study on the Occurrence Rule and Condition of Fungi-type Apple Rough Bark Disease

The influences of load and fertilization level on apple rough bark disease occurrence and its rule and condition were studied.The results showed that the lower the ratio of branch to fruit was,the higher loads the tree had,which resulted in the apple rough bark disease.The high yield and good quality of apple were found at ratio of(5～6)∶1.0.5 or 0.75 times of normal fertilization level.The apple cultivars,Fuji and Delicious were susceptible to the disease;Ralls and Sansa,middle and Jiguan,resistance,respectively.Excessive rainfall,especially in July and August,apple rough bark disease was aggravated.The light quality of soil,low cubage weight and high content of organic matter and nitrogen were important conditions for decreasing disease.Continuous circular peeling and surplus application of PP333 aggravated the disease.