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多菌灵降解菌系的筛选与组成分析及其 对土壤中多菌灵的降解
引用本文:解林奇,刘君,高淼,徐晶,周义清,孙建光.多菌灵降解菌系的筛选与组成分析及其 对土壤中多菌灵的降解[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(23):4826-4835.
作者姓名:解林奇  刘君  高淼  徐晶  周义清  孙建光
作者单位:中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部作物营养与施肥重点实验室,北京 100081
基金项目:国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203045)
摘    要:【目的】筛选具有降解多菌灵功能的菌系和菌株,了解菌系构成和菌株的系统发育地位,确定实验室条件下菌系和菌株对土壤中多菌灵的降解效果。【方法】采用无机盐培养基富集、筛选降解多菌灵菌系及菌株,比色法测定菌系及菌株降解多菌灵能力,变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)结合切胶回收测序分析菌系构成,16S rDNA序列分析结合细菌常规鉴定方法对菌株进行初步鉴定。【结果】筛选到9个菌系,纯培养条件下10 d对初始浓度600 mg?L-1多菌灵降解率23.14%-70.64%;从5个降解菌系中筛选到5株降解菌,编号为111-3、161-4、165-2、166-2、167-4,纯培养条件下15 d对初始浓度600 mg?L-1多菌灵降解率33.90%-72.66%;菌株111-3、165-2、166-2、167-4初步鉴定为红球菌属(Rhodococcus sp.),菌株161-4初步鉴定为寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas sp.);实验室条件下,分别接种筛选到的9个菌系和5株降解菌处理污染土壤,72 h 对初始浓度5 mg?kg-1多菌灵的降解率均达到90%以上;每个降解菌系大约由6-10株优势细菌组成,筛选到的降解菌株占菌系构成约1/10,推测菌系中其它菌株可能与多菌灵降解中间产物的进一步分解有关。【结论】筛选到9个多菌灵降解菌系和5株降解菌,72 h对污染土壤中5 mg?kg-1多菌灵的降解率达到90%以上;红球菌属是目前已知的环境中降解多菌灵的优势种群;筛选到的降解菌只是菌系构成的小部分,菌系对于残留农药降解意义更大。

关 键 词:多菌灵  降解  细菌  筛选  
收稿时间:2012-05-02

Screening and Composition Analysis of Carbendazim-Decomposing Bacterial Community and Effect Test in Soil
JIE Lin-Qi,LIU Jun,GAO Miao,XU Jing,ZHOU Yi-Qing,SUN Jian-Guang.Screening and Composition Analysis of Carbendazim-Decomposing Bacterial Community and Effect Test in Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2012,45(23):4826-4835.
Authors:JIE Lin-Qi  LIU Jun  GAO Miao  XU Jing  ZHOU Yi-Qing  SUN Jian-Guang
Institution:Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081
Abstract:【Objective】 The objective of this study is to screen carbendazim-decomposing bacterial communities and strains, understand the composition of carbendazim-decomposing bacterial communities and the phylogeny of isolated carbendazim- decomposing bacterial strains, test the degradation effect of screened carbendazim-decomposing bacterial communities and strains to soil carbendazim. 【Method】 Mineral salt medium was used for enrichment and screen for carbendazim-decomposing bacterial communities and strains. Chromatography was used for effect test of carbendazim degradation by bacterial communities and strains. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and band sequencing were used for composition analysis of carbendazim- decomposing bacterial communities. 16S rDNA sequence blust and bacterial identification techniques wrer used for strain phylogeny. 【Result】 Nine carbendazim-decomposing bacterial communities were screened, which could degrade 23.14%-70.64% carbendazim with initial concentration of 600 mg•L-1 in liquid culture in 10 days. Five strains designed as 111-3, 161-4, 165-2, 166-2, and 167-4 were further screened from the above bacterial communities, which could degrade 33.90%-72.66% carbendazim with initial concentration of 600 mg•L-1 in liquid culture in 15 days. Strains 111-3, 165-2, 166-2, and 167-4 were identified as Rhodococcus sp., 161-4 was identified as Stenotrophomonas sp.. Under laboratory conditions, above 90% of the carbendazim in soil with initial concentration of 5 mg•kg-1 was decomposed after inoculation of anyone of the screened carbendazim-degrading bacterial communities or strains in 72 hours. The screened carbendazim-decomposing bacterial communities was composed of 6-10 dominent strains, the screened carbendazim-decomposing bacterial strains was only about 1/10 of bacterial communities. 【Conclusion】 Nine carbendazim-decomposing bacterial communities and 5 strains were screened, which could decompose 90% of the 5 mg•kg-1 carbendazim in soil in 72 hours. Rhodococcus is the dominent species for carbendazim decomposition in natural environment. The screened carbendazim-decomposing bacterial strains are only a small part of the screened carbendazim-decomposing bacterial communities. Decomposing system is much meaningful to pesticide residue decomposition.
Keywords:carbendazim  decompotion  bacterial community  screen
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