香蕉抹花、疏果、垫把及套袋技术在南宁市的应用研究

[目的]研究抹花、疏果、垫把及套袋综合技术对香蕉生产的影响,探寻香蕉提质增效的标准化生产技术,提高香蕉市场竞争力,提高经济效益.[方法]采用田间试验方法,在南宁市香蕉主产区选取实验基地,根据香蕉不同生长时期分别进行抹花、疏果、垫把及套袋综合技术处理,分析对比产量、商品果率、果面斑痕及果面机械伤等指标.[结果]与传统种植的香蕉相比,经过“抹花+疏果+垫把+套袋”综合技术处理后的香蕉平均商品果率为98.91%,比对照提高3.21个百分点;机械伤发生率平均为2.45%,比对照大幅降低49.69%;斑痕发生率平均为2.29%,比对照降幅为66.69%;畸形果发生率平均为0.69%,对照为3.18%,差异极显著;平均一级果品率为23.04%,二级果品率为58.12%,分别比对照高18.02和5.44个百分点.[结论]抹花、疏果、垫把及套袋综合技术处理使香蕉小幅增产,可有效控制果面机械伤及畸形果的发生,提高果品商品率,显著提高香蕉产品质量和商品档次,经济效益显著.

Applied research on flower-wiping,fruit-thinning,fruit-padding,and fruit-bagging techniques of banana

【Objective】Influences on banana production from applying the flower-wiping， fruit-thinning， fruit-padding， and fruit-bagging techniques were studied in order to obtain a standardized banana production technology for enhancing quality and increasing economical benefits， to improve the market competitiveness of banana. 【Method】By using the field experimental method， banana experimental bases were selected in Nanning City. Then， according to different growth periods， the tested banana subjects underwent the comprehensive treatment techniques of flower-wiping， fruit-thinning， fruit-padding， and fruit-bagging. The resulting production yield， commodity fruit rate， fruit surface scratch index， and fruit surface mechanical injury index were analyzed and comprehensively compared. 【Result】The cultivated bananas after “flower-wiping， fruit-thinning， fruit-padding， and fruit-bagging” comprehensive treatment produced an average commodity fruit rate of 98.91%， which increased by 3.21% compared with the control group bananas cultivated from traditional cultivation methods. The fruit surface mechanical injury index of the treated banana averaged to be 2.45%， which was 49.69% lower than that measured from the control group. The spotting rate of the treated banana averaged to be 2.29%， which was 66.69% lower than that measured from the control group. The fruit malformation rate of the treated banana averaged to be 0.69%， which was significantly better than that of the control group banana， which averaged to be 3.18%. From the treated banana， the level 1 fruit rate averaged to be 23.04% and the level 2 fruit rate averaged to be 58.12%， in contrast to the control group banana， which， in the corresponding rates， averaged to be 18.02% and 5.44%. 【Conclusion】Applying the “flower-wiping， fruit-thinning， fruit-padding， and fruit-bagging” comprehensive treatment in cultivating banana could slightly increase the fruit production rate， effectively control the occurrences of mechanical damages to fruit surface， reduce fruit malformation， improve the fruit commodity rate， enhance product quality， upgrade banana commodities， and increase economic benefits.