繁育寄主植物对浅黄恩蚜小蜂生防潜能的影响

为明确以雪莲果Smallanthus sonchifolius为寄主植物繁育的浅黄恩蚜小蜂Encarsia sophia的生防潜能，测定雪莲果繁育的浅黄恩蚜小蜂个体大小以及其对烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci MED隐种和温室白粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum的致死能力，并解析其寄生2种粉虱若虫后的子代发育情况。结果表明，雪莲果繁育的浅黄恩蚜小蜂雌雄蜂体长、头宽及后足胫节长度均显著高于番茄繁育的浅黄恩蚜小蜂。雪莲果繁育的浅黄恩蚜小蜂对烟粉虱和温室白粉虱的平均致死数量分别为24.7头和25.0头，显著高于番茄繁育的21.4头和21.0头。相对于番茄，雪莲果繁育的浅黄恩蚜小蜂寄生烟粉虱和温室白粉虱若虫后其子代发育时间更短，平均分别为13.2 d和12.5 d；而且子代羽化率也显著高于番茄繁育的子代羽化率，分别为84.1%和86.9%。表明与番茄相比，雪莲果为寄主植物繁育的浅黄恩蚜小蜂对烟粉虱和温室白粉虱具有更强的生防潜能。

Effects of breeding host plants on the biocontrol potential of Encarsia sophia against whitefly pests

To assess the biocontrol potential of parasitoid wasp Encarsia sophia reared on yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) as a host plant, the size measurements, mortality rate, offspring development time, and offspring emergence rate of E. sophia reared on yacon against Bemisia tabaci (Mediterranean populations) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum were evaluated. The results showed that the head width, body length, and hind tibia length of E. sophia females and males reared on yacon were significantly larger than those reared on tomato. Additionally, the number of B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum killed by E. sophia reared on yacon (24.7 and 25.0 nymphs, respectively) was significantly higher than those reared on tomato (21.4 and 21.0 nymphs). The developmental time of E. sophia reared on yacon and parasitizing B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum nymphs was significantly shorter (13.2 and 12.5 days, respectively) compared to those reared on tomato. Moreover, the emergence rate of E. sophia reared on yacon and parasitizing B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum nymphs was significantly higher (84.1% and 86.9%, respectively) than those reared on tomato. It indicated that compared to E. sophia reared on tomato, E. sophia reared on yacon exhibits significantly enhanced biocontrol potential against B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum, respectively.