食物对兹沃尔新小绥螨生长发育和繁殖的影响

为探究不同食物对兹沃尔新小绥螨Neoseiulus zwoelferi种群生长、发育和繁殖的影响，采用年龄-龄期两性生命表分析测定兹沃尔新小绥螨取食卢氏叶螨Tetranychus ludeni、甜果螨Carpoglyphus lactis和香蒲Typha orientalis花粉后的存活率、发育历期、寿命及繁殖情况。结果显示，3种食物均能满足兹沃尔新小绥螨生长发育和繁殖的需求。卢氏叶螨处理组的净增殖率和总繁殖率分别是28.99和36.99，均显著高于其他2个处理组；以甜果螨、卢氏叶螨和香蒲花粉为食的兹沃尔新小绥螨从卵发育至成螨所需时间分别为5.28、7.34和6.87 d，种群倍增时间分别3.35、4.22和11.77 d，前者显著短于其他2个处理；甜果螨处理组和卢氏叶螨处理组的雌成螨平均寿命分别比香蒲花粉处理组长2.75 d和4.92 d，但两者之间无显著差异；卢氏叶螨处理组雌成螨产卵天数最长，为17.84 d，产卵前期时间最短，为2.75 d，产卵量最大，为38.15粒/雌；香蒲花粉处理组雌成螨产卵天数最短，仅1.82 d，产卵前期时间最长，为5.89 d，产卵量最少，为3.36粒/雌。甜果螨处理组的内禀增长率、周限增长率分别为0.21 d-1和1.23 d-1，均显著高于其他处理组，但平均世代周期为14.65 d，显著低于其他处理组。表明3种食物均可使兹沃尔新小绥螨完成整个世代，其中甜果螨是室内饲养兹沃尔新小绥螨的最佳食物，香蒲花粉可以作为短期饲养的食物。

Effects of diets on the growth, development, and reproduction of the predatory mite Neoseiulus zwoelferi

To clarify the impact of different diets on the population growth, development, and reproduction of the predatory mite Neoseiulus zwoelferi, age-stage two-sex life tables were employed to determine the survival rate, developmental period, lifespan, and reproductive parameters of N. zwoelferi after feeding on Tetranychus ludeni, Carpoglyphus lactis, and Typha orientalis pollen, respectively. The results indicated that all three diets met the requirements for the growth, development, and reproduction of N. zwoelferi. The net reproductive rate and gross reproduction rate in the T. ludeni treatment group were 28.99 and 36.99, respectively, significantly higher than those in the C. lactis and T. orientalis pollen groups. The developmental duration from egg to adult for N. zwoelferi when feeding on C. lactis, T. ludeni, and T. orientalis pollen were 5.28, 7.34 and 6.87 d, respectively. The doubling time was 3.35, 4.22, and 11.77 d, respectively, with the former significantly shorter than the latter two treatment groups. The average lifespan of adult females in the T. ludeni and C. lactis treatment groups was 2.75 and 4.92 days longer than that in the T. orientalis pollen treatment group, but the difference between the former two groups was not significant. The T. ludeni treatment group had the longest oviposition period (17.84 d), the shortest pre-oviposition period (2.75 d), and the highest fecundity (38.15 eggs/female). The T. orientalis pollen treatment group had the shortest oviposition period (1.82 d), the longest pre-oviposition period (5.89 d), and the lowest fecundity (3.36 eggs/female). The intrinsic rate of increase and the finite rate of increase in the C. lactis treatment group were 0.21 d^-1 and 1.23 d^-1, respectively, significantly higher than those in the other two treatment groups. However, the mean generation time was 14.65 d, significantly lower than the other two treatment groups. These results indicate that all three diets could support the entire generations of N. zwoelferi. C. lactis was the optimal food for indoor rearing of N. zwoelferi, while T. orientalis pollen could serve as an alternative for short-term rearing.