83份西农系小麦品种（系）抗性鉴定及抗病基因分子检测

为西北农林科技大学小麦新育成品种（系）在黄淮麦区的大面积推广，该研究对83份西农新育成的小麦品种（系）进行苗期抗条锈病和白粉病鉴定，成株期抗条锈病、白粉病、叶锈病和赤霉病鉴定，并在田间自然环境下对其抗性进行鉴定及对相关抗病基因进行分子检测。结果显示，在苗期人工接种鉴定中，有63、29和16份小麦品种（系）分别对条锈菌Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici生理小种CYR32、CYR33和CYR34表现出抗性，9份小麦品种（系）对3个条锈菌生理小种均表现出抗性；有10、3和0份小麦品种（系）分别对白粉菌Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici生理小种E15、E09和A13表现出抗性。在成株期人工接种鉴定中，有23、15、28和62份小麦品种（系）分别对条锈病、白粉病、叶锈病和赤霉病表现出抗性。在83份小麦品种（系）中有6份在苗期和成株期均对小麦条锈病表现出抗性。在田间抗性鉴定中，有57、6、65和40份小麦品种（系）分别对条锈病、白粉病、赤霉病及叶锈病表现出抗性。在83份小麦品种（系）中，3份含有Yr5基因，22份含有Yr9基因，3份含有Yr17基因，2份含有Pm24基因，14份含有Lr1基因，所占比例分别为3.6%、26.5%、3.6%、2.4%和16.8%。

Disease resistance evaluation and molecular detection of resistance genes of 83 Xinong wheat varieties (lines)

In order to promote the new wheat varieties (lines) developed by Northwest A&F University to a large area in the Huanghuai wheat-growing region, 83 newly developed wheat varieties (lines) of Northwest A&F University were evaluated for resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew at the seedling stage, and resistant to stripe rust, powdery mildew, leaf rust, and Fusarium head blight (FHB), at the adult plant stage in this research; and their resistance was evaluated and molecular detection of related resistance genes was performed in the field. The results indicated that 63, 29 and 16 wheat varieties (lines) tested showed resistance to stripe rust physiological races CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34, respectively, and nine wheat varieties (lines) showed resistance to all three in the seedling with artificial inoculation; ten, three and 0 wheat varieties (lines) showed resistance to powdery mildew physiological races E15, E09 and A13, respectively. In the evaluation with artificial inoculation at the adult plant stage, 23, 15, 28 and 62 wheat varieties (lines) showed resistance to stripe rust, powdery mildew, leaf rust and FHB, respectively. Six out of the 83 wheat varieties (lines) showed resistance to wheat stripe rust at both seedling and adult plant stages. In field disease evaluation, 57, six, 65 and 40 out of 83 wheat varieties (lines) showed to stripe rust, powdery mildew, head blight and leaf rust, respectively. Of the 83 wheat varieties (lines) tested, three contained the Yr5 gene, 22 contained the Yr9 gene, three contained the Yr17 gene, two contained the Pm24 gene, and 14 contained the Lr1 gene, with proportions of 3.6%, 26.5%, 3.6%, 2.4%, and 16.8%, respectively.