炭疽病对不同核桃品种抗性生理指标的影响

核桃是我国重要木本油料及经济树种，其生长发育、坚果产量及品质易受病害影响，其中炭疽病为核桃主要病害之一。因此，深入了解常见核桃品种响应炭疽病的能力，可为选育抗病性较强品种提供理论依据。对‘香玲’‘西洛3’‘西林3’‘契可’核桃分别进行炭疽病胁迫，分析胁迫下的活性氧（ROS）代谢以及抗氧化酶活性。结果表明，炭疽病菌胁迫前各植株生理指标差异均不明显，胁迫后各植株均表现为ROS（H₂O₂、O^·-₂）积累增多，膜脂过氧化（MDA）加剧，抗氧化酶（SOD、POD、CAT）活性增强。其中‘契可’MDA含量明显高于‘香玲’‘西洛3’‘西林3’；‘西林3’‘契可’的H₂O₂与O^·-₂含量明显高于‘香玲’‘西洛3’。而‘香玲’的SOD、POD、CAT活性明显高于‘西洛3’‘西林3’‘契可’，且活性增强幅度为‘香玲’>‘西洛3’>‘西林3’>‘契可’。由此可知‘香玲’‘西洛3’‘西林3’‘契可’核桃响应炭疽病的生理表现上为‘香玲’>‘西洛3’>‘西林3’>‘契可’。

Effects of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on the Physiological Indexes of Resistance of Fifferent Walnut Varieties

Juglans regia(walnut)is an important woody oil and non-timber tree species in China,which is susceptible to diseases,resulting negative impacts on the tree development,nut yield and quality.Anthracnose(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)is one of the main diseases occurring in walnut tree.Therefore,an in-depth understanding of the ability of common walnut varieties to respond to anthracnose can provide a theoretical basis for breeding varieties with strong disease resistance.In this study,four walnut varieties‘Xiangling’,‘Xiluo 3’,‘Xilin 3’,and‘Qike’were anthracnose-stressed,respectively,and the active oxygen(ROS)metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities were analyzed.The results showed that all the physiological indexes of all the selected species were not significantly different before the anthracnose stress.However,after stress,all plants showed an increase in ROS(H 2O 2,O·-2)accumulation,an intensification in membrane lipid peroxidation(MDA),and enhancement in antioxidant enzyme(SOD,POD,CAT)activities.Among these four varieties,the MDA content of‘Qike’was significantly higher than‘Xiangling’,‘Xiluo 3’,‘Xilin 3’;the H 2O 2 and O·-2 content of‘Xilin 3’and‘Qike’was significantly higher than‘Xiangling’and‘Xiluo 3’.However,the activities of SOD,POD and CAT of‘Xiangling’were significantly higher than‘Xiluo 3’,‘Xilin 3’and‘Qike’,and the range was‘Xiangling’>‘Xiluo 3’>‘Xilin 3’>‘Qike’.These results suggested that the physiological performance of these four walnut varieties in response to anthracnose were‘Xiangling’>‘Xiluo 3’>‘Xilin 3’>‘Qike’.