科尔沁沙地土地利用时空演变及空间自相关分析——以奈曼旗为例

利用奈曼旗2000、2006、2012年和2018年4期遥感数据，在ENVI5.3和ArcGIS10.2的支持下，运用土地利用动态变化空间分析模型、空间变化率指数和土地利用程度空间自相关，分析奈曼旗土地利用时空动态演变规律，为科尔沁沙地沙漠化土地治理及生态环境恢复提供参考信息。结果表明:1）各沙漠化土地整体呈逆转趋势，耕地、林草地和建筑用地呈发展趋势，研究区生态环境逐渐好转；2）人口增长、经济发展和政府政策导致耕地和林草地空间变化呈扩展型，各沙漠化土地呈衰退型；3）耕地和林草地与同期其他土地利用类型转化幅度逐年增长，空间变化率指数逐年增加，各沙化土地空间变化率指数逐年下降，仍需坚持生态环境恢复，沙漠化土地重点治理；4）土地利用程度呈高度空间自相关，在空间上的聚集区域固定，高-高值聚集在南部黄土区，面积逐年减少，低-低值聚集在中部沙区，面积减少幅度较小。

Spatial-temporal Evolution of Land Use and Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis in Horqin Sandy Land——A Case Study of Naiman Banner

The basic data were obtained from 4 remote sensing images of Naiman Banner in 2000,2006,2012 and 2018.With the support of software ENVI5.3 and ArcGIS10.2,and by using the spatial analysis model of land use dynamic change and the spatial change rate index and the spatial autocorrelation of land use degree,the spatial-temporal evolution law of land use in Naiman Banner was analyzed to provide reference information for aeolian desertification lands control and ecological environment restoration in Horqin Landy Land.The results showed that 1）aeolian desertification lands presented an overall improved trend,the agriculture land,forest,grassland,and the building land showed the developing trend,and the ecological environment of the study area gradually improved.2）Due to the population growth,economic development,and government policies,the spatial variation of the agriculture land,the forest and grassland expanded,while the aeolian desertification lands decreased.3）The conversion range of the agriculture,the forest and grass lands and other land use types increased,the spatial change rate index increased,and the aeolian desertification lands decreased year by year.The restoration of the ecological environment should be reinforced,the aeolian desertification lands should be further controlled.4）The land use degree was highly spatial autocorrelation,and the spatial aggregation area was fixed,the high-high value was concentrated in the southern loess area,and the area decreased year by year; the low-low value was concentrated in the central sand area,and the area decreased with less amplitude.