南昌市8种乔木叶片性状对叶表滞留颗粒物的影响

乔木的叶片可以滞留空气中的颗粒物,从而起到净化空气的作用。以南昌市8种代表性乔木叶片为研究对象,以SPM2.5（叶表单位面积滞留的PM_2.5颗粒物重量）、SPM₁₀（叶表单位面积滞留的PM₁₀颗粒物重量）、STSP（叶表单位面积滞留的总悬浮颗粒物重量）为衡量叶表滞留颗粒物能力的指标,探讨叶片表观性状和微观性状对滞留颗粒物能力的影响,分析叶表滞留颗粒物的形貌和成分。研究表明,马尾松SPM_2.5、SPM₁₀、STSP最大,分别达到0.85、1.02、2.13 g·m^-2,枫香最小,分别达到0.06、0.07、0.15 g·m^-2。叶表滞留SPM_2.5、SPM₁₀、STSP的能力与叶片的SLA（比叶面积）负相关,与叶片长宽比正相关。叶表产生粘性分泌物,具有凹槽和深沟壑的结构可以滞留更多的颗粒物。叶表滞留的颗粒物多为不规则形,主要成分为硅铝酸盐。

Effects of Particulate Matter Retained by Eight Urban Tree Leaves and Their Relationships between Leaf Trait in Nanchang

Urban tree leaves can retain air particulate matter (PM) and play a function of air purification.In this paper,the leaves of 8 typical tree species occurring in Nanchang were taken as research objects,three indices,such as SPM_2.5 (leaf surface retained PM_2.5 per unit area),SPM₁₀ (leaf surface retained PM₁₀ per unit area),STSP (Leaf surface retained total suspended particulate per unit area) were used to evaluate he ability of the leaves retaining particulate matter.Influences of leaf apparent traits and microscopic traits on the particulate retaining ability were examined.Morphological features and compositions of the particulates retained in the leaf surface were analyzed.The results showed that the values of three indices mentioned above of Pinus massoniana were 0.85,1.02,and 2.13 g·m^-2,respectively,the highest among all the trees tested,the corresponding values of Liquidambar formosana were the lowest:0.06,0.07,and 0.15 g·m^-2,respectively.Negative correlationships were observed between specific leaf area and three indices,and the correlationships between the ratio of leaf length to width and three indices were positive.Leaf surface with sticky secretions,grooves,deep ravines were favorable for retaining particulate matters.The shapes of PMs on leaf surface were irregular,and the the main ingredient was silicon acuminate.