叶绿素铜钠的抑菌活性及稳定性研究

采用菌丝生长速率法测定叶绿素铜钠对5种植物病原真菌在光照和黑暗条件下的抑菌作用,测定菌丝生物量,并进行比较分析。筛选抑菌效果最佳的菌种进行温度、pH、紫外照射时间、氧化还原性稳定性试验。抑菌试验结果表明,叶绿素铜钠对5种植物病原菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,且抑菌作用随着浓度的增加而增加。在药液浓度为20 mg·mL^-1时,苹果腐烂菌在光照和黑暗条件下抑菌率均高达100%,光照条件下叶绿素铜钠供试药液EC₅₀为7.405 mg·mL^-1,黑暗条件下其EC₅₀为6.959 mg·mL^-1;菌丝干重随着药物浓度的增加而减少;在药液浓度为10 mg·mL^-1时,抑菌率高达100%;菌丝干重仅为5 mg。稳定性试验结果表明,温度对抑菌率的影响表现为先升高后降低,在50℃~70℃,抑菌率差异不显著（P>0.05）;在酸性条件下抑菌率随酸度的增加而降低,碱性条件下抑菌率差异不显著（P>0.05）;紫外照射和氧化还原剂对抑菌率的影响差异不显著（P>0.05）。研究叶绿素铜钠的抑菌效果和稳定性,为叶绿素铜钠作为新型农药的研制提供理论依据。

Antifungal Activity and Stability of Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of sodium copper chlorophyllin (SCC) as a new pesticide,the antifungal activity and stability of sSCC were studied.The mycelial growth rate method was adopted to determine the antifungal activity of SCC against five plant pathogenic fungi under light and dark conditions,and the mycelial biomass was determined and compared.The strains with the highest inhibition rate were selected to further examine the effects of temperature,pH,ultraviolet irradiation time and redox stability.The antifungal test results showed that SCC presented inhibitory effects on five plant pathogens with different degrees with the characteristics of concentration dependence.At the concentration of 20 mg·mL^-1,the antifungal rate to Valsa mali was 100% under light and dark conditions.The dry weight of mycelium decreased with concentration.When the concentration of SCC was 10 mg·mL^-1,the inhibition rate was up to 100%,the EC₅₀ of SCC test solution was 7.405 mg·mL^-1 and 6.959 mg·mL^-1 under light and dark conditions.The dry weight of mycelium was only 5 mg.The stability test results showed that the effect of temperature on the inhibition rate increased first and then decreased,stable between 50℃-70℃ (P>0.05).Inhibition rate decreased with acidity under acidic conditions; under alkaline conditions,the inhibition rate substantially unchanged (P>0.05).The effects of different UV irradiation time and redox agents on the inhibition rate were not significant (P>0.05).