全球变化下的绿洲生态学研究

本文从生态学的角度给出了绿洲的定义，绿洲分布于干旱区，强烈依赖于水源（地表水与地下水），以中生、旱中生植物为优势类群所构成的隐域性绿色景观；提出了绿洲生态学的主要研究方向，认为绿洲生态学应以景观以上水平的生态学过程的研究为重点，将自然和人为因素造成的绿洲水文过程和土壤盐分运移变化对绿洲生态系统结构和功能的影响及生态系统对环境变化的反馈关系作为研究的主要内容。文章还初步探讨了全球变化下绿洲生态学研究的四个主要方面，即：全球变化与绿洲荒漠化；全球变化与绿洲土地利用／土地覆被变化；全球变化与干旱区生物多样性；以及全球变化与绿洲生态系统模型的研究

STUDY ON OASIS ECOLOGY WITH THE RELATIONSHIP OF GLOBAL CHANGE

The definition of oasis was put forward from the ecological point of view.That is: An intra-zonally green landscape which is dependent extremely on environment of water resources(surface water and ground water) and distributes in arid area and in which the mesophytes and xero-mesophytes are the dominant colony.Meanwhile,the major study themes of Oasis ecology were proposed in this paper.It was pointed out that the impacts of dynamics of hydrologic process and flux of soil salinity caused by natural factors and human activities on ecosystem composition and functioning of oasis over landscape level,as well as the feedback of oasis ecosystem to changing environments should be the key study themes of Oasis ecology.Rinally,The four study aspects of Oasis ecology that related to the global change were discussed tentatively.That is:the relationships between the desertification of oasis,the land use /land cover change,the biodiversity in arid area,the ecosystem modeling and the global change. \ \