云南清甜香典型片烟和非典型碎烟间挥发性致香成分差异性分析

【目的】对比云南清甜香典型片烟和非典型碎烟间挥发性致香成分含量的差异，为研究云南清甜香烟叶风格特色关键致香成分和低次烟叶深加工提供参考依据。【方法】以2个云南清甜香典型片烟和9个非典型碎烟为原料，运用气相色谱/质谱法（GC/MS）和热脱附—气相色谱/质谱法（ATD-GC/MS）分别对2类烟叶的挥发性致香成分进行对比分析，并以典型片烟中挥发性成分相对含量显著高于非典型碎烟作为分析目的，深入挖掘2类烟叶具有显著性差异的挥发性致香成分，并找出2种方法分析结果存在的规律性。【结果】运用GC/MS对所制备的11个烟叶样本挥发性致香成分进行检测分析，共鉴定出40种挥发性成分，包含17种酮类、10种醇类、4种醛类、5种杂环类、2种烯烃类、1种酸类和1种内酯类化合物，典型片烟的酮类和内酯类化合物相对含量明显高于非典型碎烟；典型片烟有14种挥发性成分的相对含量显著高于非典型碎烟（P< 0.05，下同），分别是甲基庚烯酮、2-乙酰基呋喃、4-环戊烯-1， 3-二酮、β-大马酮、β-紫罗兰酮环氧化物、桉油烯醇、脱氢二氢-β-紫罗兰酮、3， 4-脱氢-β-紫罗兰酮、巨豆三烯酮的4个同分异构体、二氢猕猴桃内酯和3-羟基-β-二氢大马酮；通过ATD-GC/MS对2类烟叶样本设定的14种重要致香成分进行半定量对比分析，发现典型片烟的成分总含量明显高于各非典型碎烟，而β-大马酮、巨豆三烯酮的4个同分异构体、二氢猕猴桃内酯、3-羟基-β-二氢大马酮和3-氧代-α-紫罗兰醇这8种成分在典型片烟中的相对含量也显著高于非典型碎烟。2种分析方法存在含量显著性差异的致香成分中有7种致香成分一致，包括β-大马酮、巨豆三烯酮的4个同分异构体、二氢猕猴桃内酯和3-羟基-β-二氢大马酮。【结论】通过2种分析方法对云南清甜香典型片烟和非典型碎烟的挥发性致香成分进行对比研究，发现2类烟叶间部分挥发性致香成分存在显著性差异，且2种方法的分析结果存在一定的规律。

Difference analysis in volatile aroma and flavor components between typical tobacco strips and non-typical tobacco fines of Yunnan fresh-sweetness scent

【Objective】By comparing the differences of volatile aroma components between typical tobacco strips and non-typical tobacco fines of Yunnan fresh-sweetness scent.The results could provide technical reference for the study of key aroma components in Yunnan fresh-sweetness scent tobacco leaves and deep processing of low-grade tobacco leaves.【Method】Two typical tobacco strips of Yunnan fresh-sweetness scent and nine non-typical tobacco fines were used as raw materials.The volatile aroma components of two kinds of tobacco leaves were analyzed comparatively by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS) and automatic thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(ATD-GC/MS).The relative content of volatile components in typical tobacco strips significantly higher than that in non-typical tobacco fines was chosen as the analysis purpose.The volatile aroma components with significant differences between the two types of tobacco leaves were deeply explored, and the regularity of the analysis results of the two methods was found.【Result】The volatile aroma components of 11 tobacco samples were analyzed comparatively by GC/MS.There were 40 volatile components in the samples, including 17 ketones, 10 alcohols, 4 aldehydes, 5 heterocyclic compounds, 2 alkenes, 1 acid and 1 lactone.In terms of the total relative content of various compounds, the ketones and lactones in typical tobacco strips were significantly higher than those in non-typical tobacco fines.It was found that the relative contents of 14 components in typical tobacco strips were significantly higher than those in non-typical tobacco fines(P< 0.05, the same below), which were 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-acetylfuran, 4-cyclopentene-1, 3-dione, β-damascenone, β-ionone epoxide, spathulenol, dehydrodihydro-β-ionone, 3, 4-dehydro-β-ionone, 4 isomers of megastigmatrienone, dihydroactinidiolide, 3-hydroxy-β-damascone.The 14 important aroma components of the samples were semi quantitative comparatively analyzed by ATD-GC/MS.It was found that the relative content of total components in typical tobacco strips was significantly higher than that in non-typical tobacco fines.The contents ofβ-damascenone, four isomers of megastigmatrienone, dihydroactinidiolide, 3-hydroxy-β-damascone, 3-oxo-α-ionol in typical tobacco strips were also significantly higher than those in non-typical tobacco fines.In addition, seven aroma components with significant difference between the two methods were consistent, includingβ-damascenone, four isomers of megastigmatrienone, dihydroactinidiolide and 3-hydroxy-β-damascone.【Conclusion】The volatile aroma components of typical tobacco strips and non-typical tobacco fines with Yunnan fresh-sweetness scent are compared by two different analysis methods.The results show that there are significant differences in some volatile aroma components between the two types of tobacco leaves, and there are certain rules in the two analysis results.