广西木薯产业现状分析及其发展建议

【目的】调研剖析广西木薯产业现状及存在的主要问题，从品种选育、培育龙头企业及打造区域优势产区等方面提出发展建议，为促进广西木薯产业可持续发展提供参考依据。【方法】通过多渠道调查广西木薯种植面积、分布区域、主栽品种、种植模式、产量、种植收益、加工和销售情况，结合有关部门的统计数据及文献查阅结果，对广西木薯产业现状进行综合分析，找出当前产业发展面临的主要问题，并有针对性地提出发展建议。【结果】广西是我国的木薯主产区，木薯种植面积和加工产量均占全国的70%左右，但2017—2019年期间广西木薯种植面积呈逐年下降趋势；广西木薯产区主要集中在南宁市、梧州市、钦州市、玉林市和贵港市，目前推广的间作套种栽培模式主要有木薯+西瓜、木薯+花生、木薯+辣椒及木薯+穿心莲等，主栽品种有南植199、SC205、SC5号和新选048。广西工业木薯加工企业主要集中在南宁市、钦州市、北海市、贵港市、崇左市和河池市，共有24家初具规模的工业木薯加工企业，其加工产品以淀粉为主。广西木薯产业发展也面临着诸多问题:种植经济效益偏低，种植面积逐年下滑；本地原料供应不足，加工企业对外依存度增大；木薯品种更新换代慢，尤其缺乏专用型品种；木薯淀粉生产环保压力大，循环利用技术有待加强；木薯加工产品形式单一，深加工技术落后。【建议】应进一步加强新品种选育及推广、间作套种栽培技术攻关与示范推广、桂字号品牌建设、木薯基础研究及深加工技术集成与研发，全方位提升木薯产业的市场竞争力，促进广西木薯产业的可持续发展。

Development status and countermeasures of cassava industry in Guangxi

【Objective】In order to provide theoretical basis for promoting the sustainable development of cassava industry in Guangxi, the current situation and main problems of cassava industry in Guangxi were investigated and analyzed. Some development suggestions were put forward from the aspects of breeding varieties, cultivating leading enterprises and building regional advantageous production areas.【Method】Through multi-channel investigation on cassava planting area, regional distribution, main varieties, planting mode, yield, planting benefits, processing and sales, the present situation of Guangxi cassava industry was comprehensively analyzed, the main problems faced by the current industrial development were found out, and the countermeasures and suggestions were put forward accordingly combined with the statistical data of relevant departments and the results of literature review.【Result】Guangxi is the main cassava producing area, with planting area and processing yield accounting for about 70% of the whole country. However, the cassava planting area in Guangxi showed a downward trend year by year from 2017 to 2019. Cassava producing areas were mainly concentrated in Nanning, Wuzhou, Qinzhou, Yulin and Guigang in Guangxi. At present, the main intercropping modes are cassava and watermelon, cassava and peanut, cassava and pepper or cassava and Andrographis paniculata, etc.The main varieties were NZ199, SC205, SC5 and Xinxuan 048. There were 24 industrial cassava processing enterprises that have begun to take shape, and were mainly concentrated in Nanning, Qinzhou, Beihai, Guigang, Chongzuo and Hechi and their main products are starch. The development of cassava industry in Guangxi faced the following problems:the economic benefits of cassava planting were low, and the planting area was declining year by year. Because of the shortage of local raw materials, processing enterprises have increased their dependence on regions outside Guangxi;cassava varieties updated slowly, especially lack of special types of varieties;the environmental protection pressure of cassava starch production was great, and the recycling technology needed to be strengthened;cassava post-production products had a single form, and deep processing technology was backward.【Suggestion】The breeding and promotion of new varieties, the research and demonstration of intercropping and interplanting cultivation techniques, Gui brand building, the basic research of cassava and the integration and research and development of post-harvest processing techniques should be further strengthened. Improve the market competitiveness of cassava industry in all directions and promote the sustainable development of cassava industry in Guangxi.