转基因小麦目标基因通过花粉漂流的可能性研究

以去雄小麦为受体，在10m范围内小麦花粉可在任何方向发生有效漂移（使受体结实），花粉的最远有效漂移距离可达80m，以不去雄的小麦、柱穗山羊草和卵穗山羊草为受体时，在距花粉源1m的范围内，小麦间的异交率最高为0.24%、小麦与柱穗山羊草和卵穗山羊草间的异交率分别为0.25%和0，花粉的最远有效漂移距离可达20m。依照欧盟的标准，非转基因小麦即使与转基因品种相邻种植，其产品中的转基因成分也不会超标，在麦类近缘野生植物的起源中心及主要分布区，释放转基因小麦要特别慎重。

Possibility of Target Gene Introgression from Transgenic Wheat into Non-transgenic Plants Through Pollens

The pollens of wheat could spread and set seeds in any direction at distances within 10 m,and no seed set at distances out of 80 m when castrated wheat was used as pollen recipient.The highest intraspecific rate of cross pollination was only 0 24% within 1 m,and spontaneous hybrids between Aegilops cylindrica L or Aegilops ovata L.and T aestivum L could be obtained at the rate of 0 25% and 0 respectively if non castrated wheat, A cylindrica L and A ovata L were used as pollen recipients.For grain production,the frequency of gene introgression was much lower than that allowed by international standards even if the transgenic and non transgenic wheat were planted nearby.When releasing transgenic wheat,those species that hybridize easily with common wheat could be considered as risky targets in its origin centers or its major distribution areas.