中国乡村旅游模范村空间格局及其影响因素

为厘清中国乡村旅游模范村的空间分布规律及驱动因素，助力乡村旅游高质量发展，本研究综合采用核密度、标准差椭圆、地理探测器及空间加权回归等空间分析方法对其空间分布格局及影响因素进行系统探究。结果表明：从全国尺度看，模范村呈现出东北—西南方向的分布态势，中轴线大体上处在山东—河南—四川一线，具有明显的集聚分布态势，并形成“三极多核连片”分布的空间特征，不同类型的模范村空间分布差异较大；从省域尺度看，模范村在高纬度高海拔地区的省份分布较稀疏，且多数省份呈现低聚焦分布特征，北京、上海和海南模范村发育程度最好，乡村旅游集聚区初步形成；模范村空间分布受人文因素中的经济发展水平（影响强度0.65）、政策支持力度（0.56）、旅游产业规模（0.48）、道路交通因素（0.42）的共同影响，影响强度依次递减且呈现一定的空间异质性，其自然分布趋向于在海拔500 m以下的三级阶梯、三级河流6 km缓冲区和亚热带季风区内分布。研究表明，我国乡村旅游模范村在空间上呈集聚分布特征，受人文因素和自然因素的共同影响。

Spatial pattern of rural tourism model villages in China and its influencing factors

To clarify the spatial distribution rules and driving factors of China''s rural tourism model villages and facilitate high-quality development of rural tourism, this study used the spatial analysis methods of kernel density, standard deviation ellipse, geographic detector, and spatially weighted regression to investigate the spatial distribution pattern and its influencing factors. The study produced several interesting results. At the national scale, the model villages show a northeast-southwest distribution trend, with a central axis generally along the line of Shandong-Henan-Sichuan. There is also an obvious agglomeration distribution trend having the spatial characteristics of a “three-pole, multi-core, and contiguous” distribution. The spatial distribution of different types of model villages varies greatly. At the provincial scale, the model villages in high-latitude and high-altitude areas of provinces have a sparse spatial distribution, most provinces show low-focus distribution characteristics, the development degree of model villages is best in Beijing, Shanghai, and Hainan, and a rural tourism agglomeration area has been initially formed. The spatial distribution of the model villages is affected by the economic development level（impact intensity 0.65）, the level of policy support（0.56）, scale of the tourism industry（0.48）, and road traffic（0.42）factors. The intensity of the impact decreases in turn and presents a certain degree of spatial heterogeneity, and its natural distribution tends toward model villages being distributed on the third level of terraces below the elevation of 500 m, the third level of river within a buffer zone of 6 km, and the subtropical monsoon area. The research shows that the model villages are clustered and distributed in space under the effects of both human and natural factors.