宁夏引黄灌区冬小麦谷蛋白亚基组成和1BL/1RS易位分析及品质性状研究

为全面了解宁夏引黄灌区冬小麦品质概况,为冬小麦品质改良和粮食生产提供理论依据。选用冬小麦主栽品种、亲本材料和高代品系30份。用SDS-PAGE分析了其中18份材料的HMW—GS、LMW—GS组成和1BL／1RS易位系分布状况。并对23个冬小麦品种的营养与加工品质进行了研究。结果表明,2#、7＋9、2＋12、Glu-A3a、Glu-A3c、Glu-B3h和Glu—B3j在宁夏引黄灌区冬小麦中分布较广,1BL／1RS易位系分布相当普遍。分布频率为27．8％。参试品种的籽粒硬度、面粉PPO活性、SDS沉淀值、形成时间、稳定时间和评价值的变异范围较大,变异系数分别为25．37％、33．68％、21．42％、26．58％、43．95％和29．31％。多数冬小麦品种（系）的千粒重、出粉率和湿面筋含量低于对照宁春4号。而蛋白质含量、SDS沉淀值、吸水率和稳定时间优于宁春4号。供试品种（系）中。HMW-GS品质评分、籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、SDS沉淀值均较高,并且不含1BL／1RS易位系的有烟优361、济麦20、鲁875067和923—9等,可用于宁夏引黄灌区冬麦品质改良。

Composition of Glutenin Subunits, Presence of 1BL/1RS Translocation and Quality Traits in Winter Wheat from YRNV

To promote quality improvement and production of winter wheat in the Yellow River Ningxia Valley(YRNV),30 winter wheat materials in total,including cultivars,parents and advanced lines were used to understand their quality performance.The composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS) and low molecular weight glutenin subunits(LMW-GS),and the presence of 1BL/1RS translocation were investigated in eighteen varieties.Twenty-three winter wheat varieties and advanced lines were tested in milling,rheological and end-use quality.The results showed that the HMW-GS of 2~*,7+9, 2+12,and LMW-GS of GluA3a,GluA3c,GluB3h and Glu-B3j took dominant positions in winter wheats from YRNV.27.8% of tested genotypes carried 1BL/1RS translocation.There were wide ranges on the kernel hardness,flour PPO activity,SDS sedimentation volume,development time,stability and valorimeter value,their coefficients of variation were 25.37%,33.68%,21.42%,26.58%,43.95% and 29.31%,respectively.The thousand kernel weight,flour yield and wet gluten content of most tested cultivars and advanced lines were lower than "Ningchun 4",the control cultivar.However,the protein content,SDS sedimentation volume,water absorption,and stability were higher than the controed.Preliminary evidence suggested that Yanyou 361,Jimai 20,Lu 87506 and 923-9 have relatively high HMW-GS quality score,protein content and SDS sedimentation volume,with absence of 1BL/1RS translocation.They can be used in the quality improvement of winter wheat in YRNV.