EGF在哺乳动物卵母细胞体外受精中的作用

[目的]为卵母细胞的生长发育创造更加适宜的环境。[方法]对EGF的理化特性、作用机理及其在卵母细胞体外培养、体外受精和早期胚胎发育中的作用进行阐述。[结果]EGF、IGF和TGF等生长因子在哺乳动物卵母细胞体外培养中起很重要的作用,尤其是在无血清培养条件下。生长因子可大大提高卵母细胞的成熟率和受精率,并对受精卵的发育有很大的促进作用。在众多生长因子中研究的最多的就是EGF。EGF能够促进卵母细胞减数分裂、卵丘细胞扩散,调节卵母细胞胞质成熟。[结论]对EGF的深入研究对于提高哺乳动物卵子的体外成熟率、体外受精率以及胎儿的发育都具有重大意义,为体外受精等技术和胚胎工程的发展提高可靠的保障。但对清楚了解EGF及其受体的性质和作用机制仍存在很多问题,且对表皮生长因子对体外受精的作用研究较少。

Effect of EGF on the IVF of Mammal Oocytes

[Objective] The aim was to provide better environment for the growth and development of oocytes. [Method] The physical and chemical characteristic, active mechanism of EGF, and the effects of EGF on in IVM, IVF of oocytes, early embryo development were summarized. [Result] Growth factors were very important in IVM of mammal oocytes, especially in the free serum media. The growth factor could improve the maturation rate and fertilization rate of oocytes, and it also could promote the development of fetal. EGF was studied thoroughly than any other growth factors. [Conclusion] EGF had a physiological role in the regulation of nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes. It could improve meiosis of oocytes and induce cumulus cells expansion. However, there were very few studies on understanding the nature and function of EGE and its receptor and the effect of epidermal growth factor on in vitro fertilization.