花生短体线虫病的病原鉴定与诊断

2013年对福建省3个花生产区进行调查,发现成熟的花生荚果果面上出现紫褐至黑色病斑,病斑病健交界处清晰,花生的根和胚栓也出现不同程度的变色坏死症状。同时采集病变样品,从各病组织中分离出大量的短体线虫,其中以花生外壳组织中的线虫最多。该线虫通过形态学特征观察和分子生物学特性比较,鉴定为短尾短体线虫(Pratylenchus brachyurus)。再对短尾短体线虫侵染花生引起的病害症状进行详细描述,并通过接种试验证实短尾短体线虫对中国花生的致病性。

Pathogen Identification and Diagnosis of Peanut Lesion Nematode Disease

The lesion nematode is a major nematode parasite of peanut. In 2013, surveys conducted in three peanut production areas of Fujian revealed that purplish-brown to black lesions with distinct boundaries formed on the mature peanut shell and brown or dark discolouration also on peanut roots and pegs. A number of lesion nematodes were isolated from the roots and pegs, as well as shells of mature pods, but the nematode was more numerous in the shell tissue. By observation of the morphological characters and molecular biological characteristics, the nematodes were identified as Pratylenchus brachyurus. In the paper, the symptoms of peanut lesion nematode disease caused by P. brachyurus were described in detail and the pathogenicity of P. brachyurus to peanut was firstly confirmed by inoculation test in China.