基于遥感和GIS的黄河三角洲淤蚀动态研究

采用遥感和地理信息系统 (GIS)技术 ,研究黄河三角洲地区 1976 - 0 6～ 1998- 0 5淤积与侵蚀面积的动态变化 ,通过对不同时相遥感图像的解译提取其水陆界线 ,在 GIS支持下对黄河三角洲地区的水陆边界进行比较 ,确定侵蚀区与淤积区 ,并计算其面积。结果发现 ,黄河三角洲地区 1976 - 0 6～ 1981- 0 9年净增面积最大 ,平均每年增加 2 90 8.2 75 hm2 ,1989- 11～ 1992 - 0 9年净增面积最少 ,仅为 5 13.5 98hm2。总的来看 ,黄河三角洲的淤积速度呈现为递减的趋势 ,主要的淤积区为黄河入海口处 ,侵蚀区为河口北部和东部沿海地区。

GIS and remote sensing supported study on siltation and erosion dynamic changes of Yellow River Delta

This article analyzed the changes of siltation and erosion from June,1976 to May,1998 of the Yellow River Delta supported by RS and GIS.By the interpretation of remote sensing images at different time phase,we can get the borderline between land and ocean.Comparing the borderlines of the Yellow River Delta supported by GIS,the areas of siltation and erosion can be made certain and computed the dimensions.From June 1976 to Sept.1981,the net increase of the area was the greatest,averaged 2 908.275;From Nov.1989 to Sept.1992,the net decrease of the area was the most serious,averaged 513.598 hm+2.As a result,we found that the Yellow River mouth was silted and the north and the east coast were eroded.And the rate of siltation is decreasing.