犬卵母细胞体外成熟及其体外受精研究进展

犬科动物胚胎对于改进犬科珍贵物种及保护濒危犬种十分重要,因此对犬科动物体外受精(IVF)以及辅助生殖(ART)的研究逐渐变得必要.通过体外受精和核移植已经成功获得能够发育的犬科动物胚胎,克隆的犬胚胎移植到受体母犬能成功产仔,但是这一技术的效率仍然很低.主要原因是犬科动物胚胎在体外发育能力很低.犬卵母细胞早期发育和其他动物不同,犬卵巢排出的卵母细胞处于生发泡(GV)期,在输卵管中恢复减数分裂.犬卵母细胞核难以观测并且不容易确定排卵时间,所以很难确定精子入卵的确切时间,并且多精受精的情况时常发生.回顾犬卵母细胞体外成熟(IVM)和体外受精取得的进展,对于提高其胚胎生产效率很有必要.

Progress on Canine Oocyte Maturation and Fertilization in vitro

Canine embryos would be desirable to the improvement of reproductive performances in valuable species and saving the endangered kinds of canine.In vitro fertilization(IVF) and assisted reproductive technology(ART) become more important in canine embryo production.Available embryo had been obtained by IVF and nuclear transfer(NT).Newborn had obtained by NT embryo transferr to female canine.However,because the poor develop competence in vitro of canine embryo the efficiency of this technology is still low.Differ from other animals,early development in canine species follows a very specific pattern.Oocytes are ovulated at the germinal vesicle stage and meiotic resumption occurs in the oviduct.Because of difficulties in the accurate determination of ovulation time and in the observation of oocyte nuclear stage,the oocyte stage at which sperm penetration occurs is still uncertain since fertilization of immature oocytes has been reported in vivo and in vitro.Therefore it is very important to review the progress in canine IVM and IVF,and improve canine embryo production.