不同品种油茶根际丛枝菌根真菌群落结构特征

目的 探究油茶品种对丛枝菌根（arbuscular mycorrhiza，AM）真菌的影响，为进一步揭示AM真菌对植物基因型的响应和菌肥的研发提供依据。 方法 采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析江西省5种主栽品种油茶（长林3、长林4、长林53、赣无84-8和赣兴48）根际AM真菌群落结构特征。 结果 在5个品种油茶中共获得2 538个OTUs，隶属于1门、1纲、4目、10科、12属，球囊霉科Glomeraceae相对丰度最高，占AM真菌41.12%。辛普森指数、Chao 1指数、ACE指数和香农指数在5个品种油茶间无显著差异。菌根侵染率、Glomus丰度、Paraglomus丰度、Gigaspora丰度和Claroideoglomus丰度在5个品种油茶间存在显著差异。NMDS分析表明，油茶品种改变了根际AM真菌的群落结构；RDA分析表明，硝态氮是土壤因子中影响油茶根际AM真菌群落组成的最主要因素。 结论 油茶品种对AM真菌群落结构有显著影响，对AM真菌多样性影响不大，硝态氮含量变化是最主要影响因素。

Community Structure Characteristics of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi among Camellia oleifera Cultivars

Objective The effects of Camellia oleifera cultivar on the community structure of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi were investigated to provide references for further revealing the response of AM fungi to plant genotypes and the development of microbial fertilizers. Method The Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the structural characteristics of AM fungi in the rhizosphere soil of five main C. oleifera cultivars (Changlin 3, Changlin 4, Changlin 53, Ganwu 84-8 and Ganxing 48) in Jiangxi Province. Result A total of 2 538 OTUs were obtained from the 5 C. oleifera cultivars, belonging to 1 phylum, 1 class, 4 orders, 10 families and 12 genera. The relative abundance of Glomeraceae was the highest, accounting for 41.12% of AM fungi families. No significant differences were observed in the Simpson, Chao 1, ACE and Shannon indexes among the five C. oleifera cultivars. Mycorrhizal infection rate, Glomus abundance, Paraglomus abundance, Gigaspora abundance and Claroideoglomus abundance were significantly different among the five C. oleifera cultivars. NMDS analysis showed that C. oleifera cultivar changed the community structure of AM fungi in the rhizosphere soil of C. oleifera. RDA analysis showed that nitrate was the most important soil factor affecting the distribution of AM fungi community in C. oleifera rhizosphere. Conclusion The C.oleifera cultivar has significant influence on rhizosphere AM fungal community, whilst the impact of cultivar on AM fungal diversity is not significant. Furthermore, the content of nitrate is the most important factor affecting AM fungal community structure among many soil factors.