格尔木荒漠化成因及土地整治技术研究

指出了格尔木荒漠面积占市区土地面积的90%,由荒漠和半荒漠的戈壁滩组成。伴随草原退化,荒漠趋势越来越明显。通过气候、植被、地下水、土壤等方面分析了格尔木荒漠形成的主要原因。通过梳理前人对荒漠治理的主要手段并借鉴乌兰布和沙漠与陕北榆林地区沙漠治理的主要方法,提出了格尔木荒漠治理的方法:推广沙中添加黏性溶液造土技术、砒砂岩与沙复配成土技术;培育当地野生植被,增加沙蒿等高覆盖度植被数量,培育流动沙丘上易于生存的白刺,加大乔木等强固沙植物的培育;积极推动光伏电站建设,合理选择荒漠土壤物理遮蔽物,有效利用荒漠土地,改善小规模气候,培育湿润土壤。

Study on the Causes of Desertification and Land Remediation in Golumd Desert Area

Golumd desert area accounts for 90%of urban land area.Most of them are desert and semi-desert Gobi Desert.Along with grassland degradation,the desert trend is becoming more and more obvious.This study analyzes the main reasons for the formation of Golumd Desert through climate,vegetation,groundwater,and soil.By combing the predecessor’s main methods of desert management and drawing on the main methods of desert management in U-lan Buhe Desert and Yulin area in northern Shaanxi,the methods of Golumd desert management are proposed.Pro-mote the earth-building technology of adding viscous solution to the soil to make sand and the technology of mixing sandstone and sand to form soil.Cultivate local wild vegetation and increase the number of high-coverage vegetation such as Artemisia annua.Cultivate white thorns that are easy to survive on mobile sand dunes,and increase the culti-vation of strong sand-fixing plants such as trees.Actively promote the construction of photovoltaic power stations.Rationally select physical shelters of desert soil;effectively use desert land;improve small-scale climate,and culti-vate moist soil.