夏热冬冷地区近零能耗住宅围护结构性能优化方法研究

为探究围护结构性能对夏热冬冷地区低密度住宅能耗的影响,通过建立低密度住宅基准模型,从近零能耗技术标准中提炼出了夏热冬冷地区围护结构参数取值范围。利用参数化平台和遗传算法进行了建模和分析,得出了能耗需求达到最低值时,建筑4个朝向窗墙比、外墙传热系数、屋面传热系数、外窗传热系数、外窗得热系数这8个变量或影响因子的取值情况和变化规律。采用的研究方法和研究路线对于其他类型建筑(如商场,医院,办公楼等)的围护结构性能优化设计具有一定的参考价值和指导意义。

Research on Performance Optimization Method of the Envelope of Near-Zero Energy Consumption Residential Buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Areas

The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of envelope performance on energy consumption of low-density residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas.By establishing a benchmark model of low-density residential buildings,the range of envelope parameters in hot summer and cold winter areas is extracted from near-zero energy consumption technical standards.The parameterized platform and genetic algorithm were used to conduct modeling and analysis,and the values and variation rules of the following eight variables or influence factors,the four directions of the building window-to-wall ratio,the heat transfer coefficient of exterior wall,the heat transfer coefficient of roof,the heat transfer coefficient of exterior window,and the heat gain coefficient of exterior window,were obtained when the energy consumption demand reached the minimum value.The research methods and routes adopted in this paper have certain reference value and guiding significance for the optimization design of envelope structure of other types of buildings(such as shopping malls,hospitals,office buildings,etc.)