采伐剩余物削片生产工艺最优方案的研究

为了评价削片生产工艺,从实际出发,应用运筹学理论,建立了描述采伐剩余物削片生产工艺全过程的数学模型,利用整数规划中分枝定界法,对整个数学模型寻求最优解的计算,列出了框图。结合山河屯林业局木片生产实际,根据电子计算机计算的结果,得出了结论:当年产量满足生产线的最大实际生产能力时,伐区削片的单位工艺成本比山下削片时低;只有年产量超过生产线的最大实际生产能力后,山下削片的单位工艺成本才有可能低于伐区削片的单位工艺成本;利用木片生产的单位工艺成本和采伐剩余物利用率评价生产线的综合效益,当伐区削片工艺的采伐剩余物利用率K_(11)与山下削片工艺的采伐剩余物利用率K_(12)之比,大于伐区削片的单位工艺成本C_1与山下削片的单位工艺成本C_2之比时,则伐区削片工艺比山下削片工艺的综合效益好;反之,则山下削片工艺比伐区削片工艺的综合效益好;并依此可对不同削片工艺方案进行比较。

RESEARCH ON THE OPTIMAL PLANNING OF CHIPPING PROCESS OF LOGGING RESIDUA

To evaluate the chipping processes, the mathematical model describing the whole procedure of chipping processes of logging rcsidua were established according to the theory of operations research proceed from actual conditions. The branch and bound method of integer programming was used to seek for the optimal solution of established mathematical model. The calculational Frame was presented. The conclusions were made in the light of computer results for the practical problem on the production of wood chip in Shanhetun forest farm: 1 IF the production of wood chip for a year matches with the maximum productivity of an operational process, the cost per operational process of on-set chipping is lower than that oF road-side chipping; only if the production of wood chip per year excesses the maximum productivity, the cost of road-side chipping can be lower than that of on-set chipping. 2) The comprehensive effects were evaluated by the means of the cost per operational process and the utilization ratio of logging residua. We call K_(11)as the utilization rate of logging residua by on-set chipping, K_(12)as the utilization rate of logging residua by road-side chipping, C_1 as the cost per operational process by on-set chipping and C_2 as the cost per operational process by road-side chipping. If K_(11)/K_(12) is larger than C_1 / C_2, the comprehensive effects of on-set chipping are better than that of road-side chipping.Otherwise, the comprehensive effects of roadside chipping are better than that of on-set chipping. Different chipping processes can be compared by using this method.