不同酶原及样品前处理方法对测定农药残毒的影响

测定了中国常用的21种农药对意大利蜜蜂头部和云南小白鼠肝脏两种不同生物来源的乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制作用,并以蜜蜂头部胆碱酯酶为酶原,探讨酶抑制法农药残留快速测定的样品前处理方法。结果表明:农药对不同胆碱酯酶的抑制活性有很大差异,意大利蜜蜂头部酯酶对供试的氨基甲酸酯类农药非常敏感,但对部分有机磷类农药的敏感性较差,而小白鼠肝脏胆碱酯酶对丙溴磷、二嗪农、敌敌畏等农药较敏感。在4种不同提取剂对蔬菜样品的提取效果试验中,根据农药的溶解特性,采用甲醇和含Tween-80的磷酸缓冲液提取法,其残留农药的回收率和检测灵敏度较高。

Influences of Enzyme and Extraction Methods on Enzyme-inhibited Fast Assay for Pesticides

Inhibition of 21 insecticides to two kinds of AchE from the head of Italy bee and the liver of Yunnan rat, respectively, were determined, and the extraction methods of insecticides in greengrocery for fast assay were also researched, for evaluating their influences on enzyme-inhibited fast assay for pesticides. The results showed that inhibition of different insecticides to different enzymes was greatly discrepant.The enzyme from the head of Italy bee was sensitive to carbamates, but was not so sensitive to some organophosohates.The enzyme from the liver of Yunnan rat was very sensitive to Profenofos, Diazinon and Dichlorvos. It is impossible to monitor so many carbamates and organophosphates with one kind of AchE. Extracting insecticides from greengrocery by methanol or PBS for fast assay, according to solubility of the insecticides, gave perfect recovery and veracity.