三系杂交水稻抗稻瘟病、白叶枯病育种研究进展

目前多数三系杂交稻组合抗病性较差,其抗病性受恢复系与不育系的共同影响,提高杂交稻抗性的关键是向三系亲本同步导入抗性基因.目前杂交稻的抗病育种基本立足于常规育种,但常规抗病育种方法存在一定的局限性;分子标记辅助选择在三系亲本抗病单基因导入和多基因聚合育种中均取得较大进展.针对存在的问题提出了抗病育种研究策略.

Research Progress on Resistance Breeding of Three-line Hybrid Rice to Blast and Bacterial Leaf Blight

Most of the existing three-line hybrid rice combinations show relatively poor disease resistances, and their resistances are closely related to their parents including the restorer and male sterile lines. Therefore, introduction of disease resistant genes into both parents is the key to improve the resistances of hybrid rice. Recently, the resistance breeding of hybrid rice is mainly based on conventional breeding methods. However, the conventional breeding methods have their inherent limits such as the environmental flexibility in identification of resistances, linkage drag and hardness to pyramid dominant resistant genes and recessive resistant genes in transfer of resistant genes. The molecular maker-assisted selection (MAS) has made good progress in both introduction of single resistance genes and pyramiding of different resistance genes in the breeding of three-line hybrid rice parents. In this paper, the authors discussed the issues of resistances of rice blast and bacterial leaf blight in three-line hybrid rice breeding and proposed corresponding research strategy for improving the disease resistances of hybrid rice.