小麦体细胞杂种渐渗系F6代的高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成与位点变异

为了发掘新的小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基用于品质育种，测定了小麦/长穗偃麦草体细胞杂种F₆代共322个株系的高分子量谷蛋白亚基（HMWGS）组成，并进行了品质评分。结果表明，体细胞杂种株系在GluA1、GluB1和GluD1位点上的遗传变异率分别为0.52、0.58和0.46，一共出现27种不同的亚基组合形式，其中Null、7+9、2+12（同亲本小麦济南177）出现的频率最高，而2^*、7+8+9、2+5+12出现的频率最低；5+12出现的频率约为33.5%；在与优质可能相关的亚基组合当中，13+16出现的频率约为31.1%。由于5+12尚未有品质评分，因此部分株系无法给出分数。本研究表明，通过体细胞杂交可以产生大量的高分子量谷蛋白亚基/组合变异，这有助于今后小麦品质育种工作。

Composition and Variation of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits in Wheat F6 Introgression Lines

In order to discover new HMW GS with high flour quality for wheat breeding, high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW GS) patterns of 382 somatic hybrid introgression lines between Triticum aestivum c.v. JN 177 /Agropyron elongatum were analyzed, together with their quality scores according to Payne's Glu 1 quality assignments. The genetic index for Glu A1, Glu B1 and Glu D1 loci were 0.52, 0.58 and 0.46, respectively. These hybrid lines could be divided into 27 groups based on allelic composition, in which Null, 7+9,2+12 similar to parent wheat distributed with the highest frequency, while 2^*,7+8+9,2+5+12 appeared with the lowest rate. 5+12 was showed in 33.5% of the lines, and 13+16 linked with high flour quality occupied frequencies about 31.1%. Part of lines was not given quality scores because the score of 5+12 was not evaluated by Payne. The results above indicated that a lot of lines of HMW GS / composition could be generated through somatic hybridization, which may be useful in the future wheat breeding programs selecting for good flour quality parameters.