70份紫云英种质资源表型多样性及其在豫南地区的结实特征北大核心CSCD

对70份当地和引入紫云英种质资源在豫南地区种植的表型性状和结实特征进行研究,结果表明,供试紫云英均可在豫南地区完成扩繁,19个调查性状的变异系数(CV)介于1.3%~73.2%,其中冠层面积(CV=45.9%~73.2%)、始荚高度(CV=46.0%~52.9%)、生殖分枝数和生殖分枝比率(CV=34.6%~48.4%)、二级分枝数(CV=41.2%~41.3%)、返青期株高(CV=30.2%~39.2%)、种子产量(CV=24.4%~35.7%)变异性较高。信紫1号、XYHY-1等6个当地资源在越冬期和返青期叶片呈现紫红色。种子产量与返青期株高、盛花期株高、越冬期冠层大小、始荚高度、结荚层数、种子千粒重显著正相关;种子千粒重与返青期株高、盛花期株高、越冬期冠层大小、始荚高度、结荚层数、生殖分枝比率显著正相关,与出苗至盛花期天数、全氮和全磷含量显著负相关。引入资源平均种子产量为1015.5 kg·hm^(-2),当地资源平均种子产量为1096.5 kg·hm^(-2)。与冬油菜和冬小麦相比,大部分紫云英种质资源在豫南地区繁种具有较高的经济效益,适合移栽稻接茬。

Phenotypic diversity and podding characteristics of 70 Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus)germplasm lines cultivated in Southern Henan

Astragalus sinicus is one of the most important winter green manure crops in paddy fields of China. By comparing the differences in agronomic traits and podding characters between the local and introduced germplasm resources， phenotypic variation and seed production potential of 70 germplasm lines of A. sinicus in Southern Henan Province were studied. It was found that all tested lines could complete their life cycle. The coefficient of variation （CV） of the 19 traits ranged from 1.3% to 73.2%， among which canopy area （CV=45.9%-73.2%）， height of the first pod （CV=46.0%-52.9%）， number of reproductive branches and reproductive branch ratio （CV=34.6%-48.4%）， number of secondary branches （CV=41.2%-41.3%）， plant height at the spring regreening period （CV=30.2%-39.2%）， and seed yield （CV=24.4%-35.7%） exhibited higher variability. The leaf color of six local lines， including Xinzi No.1 and XYHY-1， appeared purple during the wintering period and the spring regreening period. Seed yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height at the spring regreening period， plant height at the full-bloom period， canopy area in the wintering period， height of the first pod， number of reproductive node sites per branch and 1000-seed weight. 1000-seed weight was significantly positively correlated with plant height at the spring regreening period， plant height at the full-bloom period， canopy area in the wintering period， height of the first pod， number of reproductive node sites per branch and reproductive branch ratio， and significantly negatively correlated with days from seedling emergence to full-bloom， total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents. The average seed yield of the introduced germplasm lines was 1015.5 kg·ha^-1， and that of the local lines was 1096.5 kg·ha^-1. A. sinicus showed high economic benefit in Southern Henan compared with winter rapeseed and wheat， and is a suitable winter option for transplanted-rice cultivation systems.