纳米抗体在家畜传染病防治中应用的研究进展

随着社会经济水平的提高,人们对动物性食品的需求量显著扩大,对其安全性的要求也越来越严格。因此,家畜疾病的科学防控就显得尤为重要。目前,我国家畜疾病尤其是传染病的防控效果并不理想,仍需要不断开发和探索新的防控产品和防控策略。纳米抗体是最小的功能性抗原结合片段,和传统抗体相比,其具有分子量小、结构简单、稳定性高、易于基因改造、抗原特异性好、组织穿透力强等优点。纳米抗体源于骆驼科动物,作为一种新型抗体,在动物疾病防治技术中的研究和应用正逐步增加。本文重点综述纳米抗体在家畜传染病中的应用和研究进展,并结合发展趋势预测未来的研究重点。

Progress in research on application of nanobodies in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in livestock

With the improvement of social and economic levels, people’s demand for animal-based food is being significantly expanded, and the requirements for the safety of the food are more and more strict. Therefore, scientific prevention and control of livestock diseases is getting particularly important. However, at present, the precaution and control effect of livestock diseases, especially infectious diseases, are not ideal in China, and new precaution and control products and strategies need to be constantly developed and explored. The nanobody is the smallest functional antigen binding fragment. Compared with traditional antibodies, the nanobody has the advantages of small molecular weight, simple structure, high stability, being easy for genetic modification, good antigen specificity, strong tissue penetration and so on. The nanobody is derived from animals of the camelidae family. As a new type of antibodies, nanobody-associated researches and applications in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases are increasing. In this paper, existing researches on the nanobody and its application to infectious diseases of domestic animals are reviewed, and future research trends in this field are proposed.