白羊草种子脱绒技术初探

白羊草(Bothriochloa ischaemum)种子上的散发性簇状绒毛致使其相互粘连,严重影响了机械化播种。本研究采用H₂SO₄和NaOH对白羊草种子进行脱绒处理,探究两种化学试剂对白羊草种子的脱绒效果。结果表明:当NaOH的浓度在30%以上时对种子的脱绒产生了明显的效果,但随着NaOH的浓度和处理时间的增加,种子的发芽指数和种子活力显著降低;而以浓度60%的H₂SO₄处理10 min的方式可有效地脱去白羊草表面绒毛,并且对脱绒后的白羊草种子发芽指数和种子活力指数没有显著影响。综上所述,用浓度60%的H₂SO₄处理10 min,是白羊草种子脱绒处理的最优方案。

A Preliminary Study on Defleeting Technology of Bothriochloa Ischaemum Seeds

The sporadic clustered villi on the seeds of Bothriochloa ischaemum cause mutual adhesion,which seriously affects the mechanized sowing.In this study,H₂SO₄ and NaOH were used to delindle the seeds of Bothriochloa ischaemum,and the delinting effects of two chemical reagents on the seeds of Bothriochloa ischaemum were investigated.The results showed that when the concentration of NaOH was above 30%,the depilation of seeds was obvious,but with the increase of NaOH concentration and treatment time,the germination index and seed vigor of seeds decreased significantly.However,10 min treatment with 60% H₂SO₄ could effectively remove the surface fluff of Bothriochloa ischaemum,and had no significant indigenous effect on the seed germination index and seed vigor index of Bothriochloa ischaemum after fluffing (P<0.05).In conclusion,60% H₂SO₄ treatment for 10 min was the optimal solution for cashmere removal.