43～63日龄黄羽肉鸡核黄素需要量研究

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平核黄素对43 ～ 63日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血液和肝脏生化指标及肉质性状的影响,探讨43 ～ 63日龄黄羽肉鸡核黄素需要量.试验选用43日龄岭南黄羽肉公鸡1 200只,采用单因子随机分组试验设计,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复40只鸡.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加1.5、3.0、6.0和12.0 mg/kg核黄素的试验饲粮,试验期21 d.结果表明:与对照组相比,添加3.0 mg/kg核黄素显著提高了试验鸡平均日增重(P＜0.05),各组间料重比差异不显著(P＞0.05).饲粮添加核黄素显著降低了血清氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量,并提高了还原型谷胱甘肽/氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSH/GSSG)值(P＜0.05),其中以3.0 mg/kg添加组GSH/GSSG值最高;添加6.0 mg/kg核黄素显著提高了试验鸡肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性(P＜0.05);试验鸡血浆核黄素含量随着饲粮核黄素添加水平的增加而呈递增趋势,当添加水平为12.0 mg/kg时与对照组差异显著(P＜0.05).饲粮添加核黄素对试验鸡脾脏指数、法氏囊指数、胸腺指数、血液T淋巴细胞增殖效应以及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性影响均不显著(P＞0.05).饲粮添加3.0 mg/kg核黄素显著提高了胸肌红度值(P＜0.05),添加6.0 mg/kg核黄素则显著降低了胸肌亮度值(P＜0.05);添加核黄素对试验鸡胸肌pH、滴水损失及胸肌黄度值无显著影响(P＞0.05).综上所述,以平均日增重和抗氧化性能为评定指标,43 ～ 63日龄黄羽肉鸡核黄素适宜添加水平为3.0 mg/kg.

Riboflavin Requirement of Yellow-Feathered Broilers Aged 43 to 63 Days

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary riboflavin levels on growth performance,biochemical indices of blood and liver,and meat quality of yellow-feathered broilers aged 43 to 63 days,and then to estimate the riboflavin requirement of yellow-feathered broilers.One thousand five hundred 43-day-old Lingnan male broilers were randomly assigned to 5 dietary groups with 6 replicates per group and 40 birds per replicate with the single factorial arrangement design.Broilers in control group were fed a basal diet and broilers in other groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.5,3.0,6.0 and 12.0 mg/kg riboflavin,respectively.The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows: compared with the control group,adding 3.0 mg/kg riboflavin significantly increased the average daily gain(ADG) of broilers(P<0.05),but there was no difference in the ratio of feed to gain(F/G) among all groups(P>0.05).Adding riboflavin significantly decreased serum oxidized glutathione(GSSG) content and significantly increased the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione(GSH/GSSG)(P<0.05),and the highest GSH/GSSG was in 3.0 mg/kg group.Adding 6.0 mg/kg riboflavin significantly increased the xanthine oxidase(XOD) activity of liver(P<0.05).The plasma riboflavin content was increased with the dietary riboflavin addition,and 12.0 mg/kg group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).There was no difference in spleen index,bursa of Fabriciu index,thymus index,proliferation of T-cell effect and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity among all groups(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,adding 3.0 mg/kg riboflavin significantly increased the a* value(P<0.05),adding 6.0 mg/kg riboflavin significantly decreased L* value(P<0.05),but adding riboflavin did not affect the pH,drip loss and b* value of breast muscle(P>0.05).In conclusion,based on ADG and antioxidant function,the optimal riboflavin level is 3.0 mg/kg of yellow-feathered broilers aged 43 to 63 days.