长白山植物群落谱系结构及环境因子对其的影响

以往在长白山植物群落生态学的研究中极少考虑物种间的亲缘关系。由物种亲缘关系所度量的群落谱系结构可以反映进化与生态过程对群落结构的影响,因而可以从全新的角度来了解群落构建的成因。文中研究以长白山76块样地为基础,分析了群落的谱系结构以及环境因子对其所造成的影响,结果显示:各样地、各群落类型均表现出一定的谱系结构,表明长白山植物群落构建过程主要是受生态位机制的作用;海拔、林分郁闭度、坡度及土壤腐殖质厚度与谱系结构存在显著的相关性。进一步将群落谱系结构结合环境因子的分布状态进行分析可以推测,环境压力作为生境过滤的形式是高山苔原以及岳桦林群落构建的最主要驱动力;干扰与环境压力对低海拔阔叶林群落构建起到重要作用;环境压力的缺失使得竞争作用放大,这成为决定阔叶红松林群落结构的主要方面。

Phylogenetic structure and influence of environmental factors on phylogenetic structure of plant community in Changbai Mountains

Previous researches in plant community ecology of Changbai Mountains rarely considered the relatedness of species.Community phylogenetic structure measured by species relative relationships reflects the influence of evolutionary and ecological processes on community structure.Studies on community phylogenetic structure provide new insights into the cause of community assembly.According to the 76 sample plots,community phylogenetic structure and influence of environmental factors on phylogenetic structure were studied in Changbai Mountains.The results shows that all of the sample plots and the community types show the phylogenetic structure,suggesting that community assembly of plant community is governed by the niche mechanism.Elevation,canopy density,slopes and humus thickness are significantly correlated with phylogenetic structure.We also conduct the analysis with combination of community phylogenetic structure with the distribution of environmental factors.The results suggest that environment stress,one form of habitat filtering,is the main driver of community assembly in the alpine tundra and Subalpine birch forest.Disturbance and environmental stress play an important role in community assembly of low-elevation deciduous broad-leaved forest.Competition whose effects are amplified due to lack of environmental stress becomes the major factor in structing the broad-leaved korean pine mixed forest.