几种中草药提取液的抑菌作用研究

目的]为中草药在防腐保鲜方面的应用提供依据。方法]制备蒲公英、野菊花、牡蛎、艾蒿、大青叶、百部、麦冬、莪术、良姜、虎杖、女贞、皂角和桔皮等13种中草药的提取液,研究它们的自然感菌情况及其对苹果霉菌的抑菌作用。结果]蒲公英、大青叶、百部、麦冬、虎杖、女贞、皂角和桔皮的提取率较高,大于20%。抑菌作用最好的是牡蛎和良姜的提取液,第9天出现感菌现象。百部、虎杖提取液对苹果霉菌的抑制作用最大,且提取液的浓度越大,抑制能力越强,5%虎杖提取液、10%百部和麦冬的提取液几乎抑制了苹果霉菌生长。结论]13种中草药提取液对苹果霉菌的抑制作用较为明显,在自然暴露条件下也具有一定的抗菌能力,百部、虎杖和麦冬的提取液对苹果青霉的抑制效果最好,牡蛎和良姜的提取液抗菌能力最强。

Study on the Bacteriostasis of Some Kinds of Chinese Herbal Medicine Extracting Solution

The aim of the research was to provide basis for applying Chinese herbal medicine in the antisepsis and freshness.Extracting solution from 13 kinds of Chinese herbs such as Taraxacum mongolicum,Chrysanthemum indicum L.,Crassostrea gigas,Artemisia argyi,Folium isatidis,Stemona japonica,Ophiopogon japonicus,Zedoary turmeric,Alpinia officinarum,Polygonum cuspidatum,Ligustrum lucidum Ait.,Gleditsia sinensis Lam.and orange peel were prepared to study their spontaneous infection conditions and their bacteriostasis on malic mildew.The extraction rate of T.mongolicum,F.isatidis,S.japonica,O.japonicus,P.cuspidatum,L.lucidum,G.sinensis and orange peel were higher,more than 20%.The extracting solution from C.gigas and A.officinarum had best bacteriostasis,which appeared infection phenomena on the 9th day.The extracting solution from S.japonica and P.cuspidatum had greatest bacteriostasis.And the greater the concentration of extracting solution was,the stronger the inhibiting ability was.5% A.officinarum extracting solution,10% S.japonica and O.japonicus extracting solution almost inhibited the growth of malic mildew.3 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution had more obvious inhibition effects on malic mildew and had certain antibacterial ability under natural exposure conditions.The extracting solution from S.japonica,A.officinarum and O.japonicus had best inhibition effect on malic mildew and that from C.gigas and A.officinarum had strongest antibacterial ability.