固化/稳定化修复后土壤重金属稳定性及再活化研究进展

固化/稳定化技术是一种经济、有效、快捷的重金属污染主流修复技术,随着我国以风险管控为主导策略的土壤污染防治工作的推进,该技术正发挥着极其重要的作用。固化/稳定化技术处置后土壤中的重金属并未移除,存在再活化的风险。本文对固化/稳定化技术特点、修复效果评估方法、评价标准等进行了系统总结,概述了修复后重金属赋存形态、生物有效性、微观形态等特征,着重阐述了冻融、水环境和酸雨淋溶3类环境胁迫下重金属的再活化行为和影响因素。在此基础上,讨论了当前固化/稳定化修复后土壤和场地环境监管体系构建的现状、不足和发展需求,提出需注重修复后重金属环境行为、再活化定量化等研究方向。

Advances on Heavy Metal Stability and Reactivation for Soil After Solidification/Stabilization Remediation

Solidification/stabilization technology (SST) has been widely used to remediate the heavy-metal contaminated soils due to its economy, effectiveness and quickness. With the promotion of risk-based soil management and controlling policy in China, SST is becoming more and more important nowadays in soil remediation. Heavy metals are not removed from the contaminated soils after the treatment of SST, and there is still a risk of reactivation. In this paper, the characteristics of SST, the evaluation method on remediation effects, and the index of performance criteria were systematically summarized at first, and then the speciation, bioavailability and micromorphology of heavy metals were described after SST remediation. Furthermore, three typical environmental stresses, including freeze-thaw, water environment factors and acid rain leaching, were highlighted to discuss the activation behavior of heavy metals and the influencing factors. After that, the current management system, deficiency supervision and demand for the soil after remediation were discussed, and more attentions should be paid to the research of heavy metal environmental behavior and the quantitative prediction of reactivation.