甲基磺酸乙酯对草莓愈伤组织的生理效应

用不同浓度甲基磺酸乙酯对草莓愈伤组织进行诱变处理,测定了愈伤组织中的保护酶和氧化酶活性、总酚含量、MDA含量的变化以及愈伤组织的死亡率。结果表明,随着EMS处理浓度的增加和时间的延长,愈伤组织死亡率呈上升趋势;随着EMS处理浓度的增加,保护酶SOD,CAT和氧化酶PPO,POD活性升高,而后快速下降;随着处理时间的延长,SOD活性逐渐下降,CAT,PPO活性先上升后下降,POD活性则表现为先降后升再降;随着处理浓度的增加和时间的延长,总酚含量变化为先升后降,但上升和下降都比较缓慢,而MDA含量则逐渐上升;处理后的愈伤组织在培养过程中,PPO,POD活性迅速下降并维持在相对稳定的水平,总酚和MDA含量逐渐下降,而总酚含量与PPO,POD活性呈显著正相关。由此认为,在用EMS对草莓愈伤组织进行诱变时,较适宜的剂量为0.1%~0.2%浓度处理1.0~1.5 h,在处理完成后的前12 h培养中,应采取措施以减轻褐变。

Effects of Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate on Physiology of Callus from Leaves of Strawberry

The calli of strawberry were used as materials to study the effects of Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate(EMS)on the activities of protecting enzyme and oxidizing enzyme,the contents of total phenol and MDA and the death rate of callus.The result showed that with the increase of EMS concentration and treatment time,the death rate of callus increased.With the increase of EMS concentration,the activities of SOD,CAT,PPO and POD increased at first,and decreased sharply afterwards.With the extension of treatment time,SOD activity decreased continuously,activities of CAT and PPO increased first and then decreased,POD activity decreased firstly and then increased,but decreased later. With the increase of EMS concentration and treating time,total phenol contents decreased firstly and then increased,while MDA contents increased continuously. During the culture of callus after EMS treatment,the activities of PPO and POD decreased sharply and then maintained a steady level,contents of total phenol and MDA decreased,and the contents of total phenol was positively correlated with the activities of PPO and POD.It was suggested that the better EMS treatment was 0.1%-0.2% and 1.0-1.5 h,and some measures should be taken for preventing callus browning in the first 12 h after EMS treatment.