小拱棚栽培半夏需水规律及干物质动态变化研究

通过对小拱棚栽培半夏需水规律和干物质积累的研究,为半夏规范化栽培提供依据。以清水县主栽的山东济宁半夏为试验材料,对温室盆栽半夏设置高、中、低三种水分作为处理,每天称重,记录耗水量,研究半夏的需水规律;在不同生育阶段每处理随机取一盆半夏,测定半夏的根系、块茎、珠芽和叶片的鲜重和干重,研究半夏干物质积累。结果表明,小拱棚栽培半夏以中土壤水分处理为最优处理,其需水规律表现为前期小,中期大,后期小的特点,即出苗初期RH55-70%,齐苗期、快速生长期、珠芽生根发芽期RH70-85%,灌浆期和成熟期RH55-70%为最佳土壤湿度,其需水临界期为珠芽生根发芽期;半夏块茎的干物质积累从播种至快速生长期持续减少,从珠芽生根发芽期至成熟期持续增加;珠芽的干物质积累从发芽后开始持续增加;根系和叶片的干物质积累从生根发芽后至快速生长期持续增加,从珠芽生根发芽期至成熟期持续下降。

Study on water requirement and dry matter dynamic change of Pinellia ternate in different growth stages

Through the study on the water demand law and dry matter accumulation of Pinellia ternata cultivated in small arch shed, it provides a basis for the standardized cultivation of Pinellia ternata. Taking Pinellia ternata in Jining, Shandong, which is mainly planted in Qingshui County as the experimental material, the potted Pinellia ternata in greenhouse is set with high, medium and low water as the treatment, weighed every day, recorded the water consumption, and studied the water demand law of Pinellia ternata; At different growth stages, a pot of Pinellia ternata was randomly selected for each treatment, and the fresh and dry weights of roots, tubers, bulbils and leaves of Pinellia ternata were measured to study the dry matter accumulation of Pinellia ternata. The results showed that the middle soil moisture treatment was the best treatment for the cultivation of Pinellia ternata in small arch shed, and its water demand law showed the characteristics of small in the early stage, large in the middle stage and small in the late stage, that is, rh55-70% in the early seedling emergence stage, rh70-85% in the full seedling stage, rapid growth stage and bead bud rooting and germination stage, rh55-70% in the filling stage and mature stage were the best soil moisture, and the critical period of water demand was the bead bud rooting and germination stage; The dry matter accumulation of tubers of Pinellia ternata decreased continuously from sowing to rapid growth stage, and increased continuously from Pearl bud rooting and germination stage to maturity stage; The dry matter accumulation of Pearl buds increased continuously from germination; The dry matter accumulation of roots and leaves increased continuously from rooting and germination to rapid growth stage, and decreased continuously from Pearl bud rooting and germination stage to maturity stage.