基于改进的CTGC系统下不同CO2浓度对水稻生长发育的影响

为探索二氧化碳肥效作用对作物生长发育产量形成的长期影响及其在气候变化背景下的综合影响，验证改进后二氧化碳与温度梯度系统（CTGC）的精确性与可靠性，开展了水稻全生育期二氧化碳和温度梯度处理试验，测定了水稻生长发育及产量形成的反应，分析了环境因素对水稻生长发育的影响，并就试验系统原理和功能的改进做了说明。研究表明，处理小区水稻的籽粒灌浆增长和灌浆速率、干物质增长和增长速率显著增加，产量和生物产量显著增加，并且表现为随二氧化碳浓度与温度增高而增加的趋势。生物量增加尤以营养生长中后期旺盛表现最为明显，并使得水稻发育期略显延迟；处理小区水稻的经济系数比对照小区明显降低。表明二氧化碳与温度处理增加了水稻的生物量，二氧化碳肥效作用对水稻籽粒产量的提高具有潜力。

Effect of Different CO2 Concentration on Growth and Development of Rice Under Improved CTGC Systems

To probe long-term effect of CO2 fertilization on growth and development of crops with climate change, test accuracy of the CO2 and Temperature Gradient Chamber (CTGC) system, CO2 and temperature gradient treatment experiment of rice on whole growth duration was developed. Indices of growth, development and yield formation were mensurated. Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and development of rice was analyzed. Improved principle and function of system was explained. The study showed that there was a significant increase in grain filling increase, filling rate, dry mass increase and increase rate with CO2 treatment, as well as yield and biomass. They all kept an enhancement trend with elevated CO2 and temperature. Biomass enhancement increased obviously in mid and latter period of nutrition growth stage, which caused the delay of rice development. In addition, harvest index of CO2 treatment was lower than CK. The result showed that CO2 and temperature treatment increased rice biomass, and CO2 fertilization effect had certain potence in rice grain yield increasing.