Genetic relationships within Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. based on isozyme analyses |
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Authors: | Leonard Panella Paul Gepts |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Agronomy & Range Science, University of California, 95616 Davis, CA, USA |
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Abstract: | Summary Isozyme analyses of genetic diversity in Vigna unguiculata were performed to determine genetic relationships and level of genetic diversity between wild and cultivated cowpea. Thirty-four cultivated accessions of V. unguiculata, 56 wild accessions of V. unguiculata, and six accessions representing five related wild Vigna species were analyzed. Ten enzyme systems were polymorphic within Vigna unguiculata: AAT, ACO, G6PDH, DIAP, LAP, MUE, ME MDH, PRX, and SOD. Fourteen of 24 putative loci (58%) were polymorphic within wild V. unguiculata, but only one locus (4%) was polymorphic within cultivated cowpea; when five related Vigna species were examined, 21 of the 24 bands of activity showed polymorphisms (88%) adding 33 alleles to the 48 identified within V. unguiculata. In one F2 population of 68 plants (UCDVg 36 × UCDVg 21) a loose linkage was indicated between Diap-2 and G6pd-1 ( 2 = 15.39; p = 0.004) with an estimated distance of 36.0 cM ± 5.02 (recombination (r) = 0.31). Also in another F2 population of 38 plants (CB 88 × UCDVg 21) a loose linkage was indicated between Lap-1 and Prx (\gC2 = 9.62; p = 0.047) with an estimated distance of 39.8 cM ± 7.0 (r = 0.33). Total genetic diversity (HT) was 0.085 over all of the accessions including the one classified as V. nervosa. Within accession diversity (Hs) approached zero and between accession diversity (Dsi) was responsible for all of the genetic diversity present. Therefore the coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = DSTIIT) approached 1. Absolute gene differentiation (Dm) was 0.087. Two of the nine segregations in this study were skewed. In general, results of this study concurred with the taxonomic classification within V. unguiculata and provided a strong indication that a severe genetic bottleneck occurred during the domestication process of cowpea.Abbreviations AAT
aspartate amino-transferase
- ACO
aconitase
- ALD
aldolase
- AUS
Australia
- BDI
Burundi
- BWA
Botswana
- CHN
China
- CMR
Cameroon
- DIAP
diaphorase
- DZA
Algeria
- ETH
Ethiopia
- G6PDH
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GDH
glutamate dehydrogenase
- GHA
Ghana
- GUY
Guyana
- IDH
isocitrate dehydrogenase
- IND
India
- KEN
Kenya
- LAO
Laos
- LAP
leucine aminopeptidase
- MDH
malate dehydrogenase
- ME
malic enzyme
- MEX
Mexico
- MOZ
Mozambique
- MUE
methylumelliferyl-esterase
- MWI
Malawi
- MYS
Malaysia
- NER
Niger
- NGA
Nigeria
- PRX
peroxidase
- RBSC
ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase
- SEN
Senegal
- SLE
Sierra Leone
- SOD
superoxide dismutase
- TGO
Togo
- TZA
Tanzania
- USA
United States of America
- XDH
xanthine dehydrogenase
- ZAF
South Africa
- ZAR
Zaire
- ZIM
Zimbabwe
- ZMB
Zambia |
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Keywords: | cowpea crop evolution/domestication genetic diversity isozyme Vigna unguiculata |
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