牦牛乳中上皮粘蛋白MUC1的遗传多态性研究

采用SDS－PAGE研究了108头麦洼牦牛和98头九龙牦牛乳MUC1的生化遗传特性，结果表明；牦牛乳MUC1呈现出多态性，表现为一条或两条迁移率不同的区带。SAS－PAGE分析发现4种分子量的MUC1区带，依次为A：208kd,B;200kd,C:196kd,D185kd，分子量大于荷斯坦牛。麦洼牦牛MUC1基因座受A、B、C、D4个复等位基因支配，有9种基因型；九龙牦牛乳MUC1基因座受A、C、D3个复等位基因支配，显示5种基因型，两品种牦牛乳MUC1基因型分布差异极显著（P＜0.01），并且均偏离哈代－温伯格定律（P＜0.01），麦洼牦牛乳MUC1基因座遗传变异程序大于九龙牦牛。

Genetic Polymorphism of Epithelial Mucin,MUC1,in Milk of Yaks

The epithelial mucin,MUC1,in individual milk samples from 108 Maiwa yaks and 98 Jiulong yaks was resolved on SDS PAGE.Polymorphism of MUC1 consisted of one or two bands showing variable mobility.Mobility indices established for these bands provided evidence of four polymorphic forms according to their molecular weight on SDS PAGE:A:208 kd,B:200 kd,C:196 kd,D:185 kd,most of which were higher than that reported in Holstein cows.Milk MUC1 locus of Maiwa yak was controlled by A,B,C,and D alleles,exhibited nine genotypes;while in Jiulong yak was controlled by A,C,and D alleles,exhibited five genotypes.Significant difference of milk MUC1 genotypes distribution,which was not in accordance with Hardy Weinberg balance in Maiwa yaks or Jiulong yaks,existed between the two yak breeds.The genetic variation of milk MUC1 locus of Maiwa yaks was higher than that of Jiulong yaks.