甘肃贝母种子吸水及发芽特性研究

对经后熟处理的甘肃贝母种子吸水规律进行测定,并设置不同温度(10,15,20,25,10/20℃变温)进行发芽试验,旨在为其人工驯化栽培提供依据。结果表明,甘肃贝母种子千粒重为0.72～0.82g。经20℃保湿储藏45d基本完成形态后熟,沙子与种子(4∶1)混合5～10℃层积150d基本完成生理后熟,种子吸水过程符合Logistic曲线,分急剧吸水期、稳定吸水期和饱和吸水期3个阶段。温度对经后熟处理的甘肃贝母种子发芽质量具有显著影响。黑暗下10～15℃内,随温度升高发芽质量显著改善,15℃发芽最佳,发芽率和发芽势分别达90.67%和89.33%。当温度超过15℃,发芽质量又显著降低,高温还抑制芽的伸长。以上结果说明经后熟处理后,温度是决定甘肃贝母种子发芽质量的关键因素。建议生产中当土温达15℃是甘肃贝母种子最佳播期,育苗期应保湿遮阳。

A study on soaking and germination characteristics of Fritillaria przewalskii seeds

The effect of soaking Fritillaria przewalskii seeds following after-ripening, and the seed germination characteristics at different temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 10/20℃ change), were measured in order to provide a theoretical basis for their artificially domesticated cultivation. The 1000-grain weight ranged from 0.72 to 0.82 g. The seeds completed morphologic after-ripening following storage for 45 d at 20℃ and physiological after-ripening after seeds were mixed with sand (sand∶seed ratio of 4∶1) for 150 d at 5-10℃. The soaking process fitted a Logistic curve, which included sharp soaking, stable soaking and saturated soaking stages. Under dark conditions, the seed germination quality improved with increased temperature and reached an optimum at 15℃ with a germination rate of 90.67% and germination power of 89.33%. However, when the temperature exceeded 15℃, seed germination was significantly reduced and sprout growth was restrained. Temperature was the key condition for seed germination following after-ripening. This suggests that the best time to sow F. przewalskii seeds is under humid and adumbral conditions when the soil temperature is 15℃.