基于DEA-SFA模型下的安徽省部分县域茶叶生产效率比较研究

在土地资源约束趋紧、保障主粮供给的背景下,提高茶叶种植户的生产效率是茶产业转型发展的关键。基于DEA-SFA三阶段模型,利用安徽省茶叶种植户的调查数据,测算不同规模茶叶种植户生产效率及其特征差异。结果表明:不同规模的茶叶种植户生产效率差异较大,规模效率主导了综合效率的大小与变化趋势,且其变化在不同规模之间服从正态分布;纯技术效率随着种植规模的扩大而提高。在其决定因素中,市场距离与种植规模之间呈现倒U型关系,且种植规模越大,市场距离的作用越强;劳动力短缺是所有类型茶叶种植户共同面临的难题,即种植户的规模越大,劳动力短缺问题越突出。因此,应合理布局茶叶交易市场,引导更多小农户发展规模经营,鼓励合作社等新型经营主体带动小农户发展现代农业,以减少因劳动力短缺、市场距离等因素导致成本上升而出现的规模效率损失。

Comparative Study on Tea Production Efficiency in Some Counties of Anhui Province Based on DEA-SFA Model

Under the background of increasing land resource constraints and ensuring the supply of staple grains,improving the production efficiency of tea growers is the key to the transformation and development of the tea industry.Based on the DEA-SFA three-stage model,this paper uses the survey data of tea growers in Anhui Province to measure the production efficiency and characteristic differences of tea growers of different scales.The results showed that the production efficiency of tea growers with different scales varied greatly.Scale efficiency dominated the size and trend of comprehensive efficiency,and its change showed normal distribution among different scales.The pure technical efficiency increased with the expansion of tea planting scale.Among the determinants of production efficiency,there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between market distance and planting scale,and the larger the planting scale,the stronger the effect of market distance.Labor shortage is a common problem faced by all types of tea growers.The larger the scale of planting,the more labor shortage.The tea trading market should be rationally distributed,and more small farmers should be guided to develop scale operation.New operating entities such as cooperatives should be encouraged to drive small farmers to develop modern agriculture,so as to reduce the loss of scale efficiency caused by rising costs due to labor shortage and market distance.