转抗稻瘟病基因水稻遗传和表达的初步研究

稻瘟病是水稻三大病害之一,长期的生产实践证明,水稻抗瘟性品种的选育和利用是防治稻瘟病行之有效的措施。溶菌酶是一个广泛分布的酶家族,并且具有几丁质酶的活力,能够分解细菌或真菌细胞壁组分中多糖的糖苷键,从而抵御病原菌的侵染。本文以转溶菌酶基因水稻的10个株系当代及其后代为研究对象,对其农艺性状以及它们对稻瘟病的抗性水平变化进行研究,并利用PCR检测来研究外源基因在转基因株系各世代中的分离规律。结果表明:在R0、R1代群体中农艺性状、外源基因分离情况比较大,在R2代群体中只有个别株系分离较大。在R0代群体中单株之间的表现差异可能是由外源基因插入的位点和拷贝数不同而造成的,R1代表现出来的群体差异要比当代更大,在R1代中的差异可能是由于当代植株中的外源基因是杂合型,分离世代造成的,在R2代群体中由于外源基因趋于纯合,群体中株系相差小,同对照水平接近。与未转化株系比较,转基因植株进行了苗瘟、叶瘟和穗茎瘟的鉴定,在转基因的两个品系中溶菌酶基因的插入整合提高了转基因株系的抗稻瘟病的能力。

Primary Studies on Inheritance and Expression of Resistance to Rice Blast in Transgenic Rice

Rice blast is one of the three most widespread of destructive fungal disease worldwide. It shows breeding excellent rice lines is an effective way for resisting blast after a long period of the rice production. Lysozyme is diversity in nature and has the activity of chitinase. Lysozyme can decompose the cell wall of bacteria and fungal, Gene of resisting blast was transferred into rice (oryza sativa, japonica). Ten transgenic rice lines were searched from R0 to R2 generation on agricultural character and the level to resistant the blast bacterial. The PCR analysis was used to detect the rule of descendant segregation. The results showed the foreign gene and agricultural character separated obviously in R0 and R1 generation group. Only several individual plants separated obviously on the R2 generation group. Most inherited quality tended to stabilization. The difference of R0 group perhaps originned from the different copy and site of the foreign gene inserting. The difference of R1 group was so big perhaps because of the lines lies in separating generation. The difference of R1 group was small perhaps because of the lines lies in pure generation. The transgenic rice lines were infected by blast fungal on the seedling, leaf, stem and fring period. Compared with control, the level to the rice blast of the transgenic two lines is higher.