焦作市某排氟厂周围典型土壤剖面中不同形态氟的分布特征研究

土壤氟是食物和地下水中氟的主要来源,研究土壤氟的化学组成和分布特征对了解地氟病病源和保障食品安全及地下水水质有指导意义。以焦作市某排氟工厂周围典型农田土壤为研究对象,采用碱熔法和连续分级提取方法研究了人为污染环境下土壤剖面氟的分布特征。结果表明,该典型土壤剖面中全氟含量远高于全国土壤平均值(440 mg kg-1),土壤氟轻(偏中)度污染,且氟含量随土壤深度增加而下降,具有明显的表聚性。各赋存形态氟按含量大小呈残余态>有机束缚态>水溶态>可交换态>铁锰结合态规律,研究区土壤水溶态氟、水溶态氟与总氟的比值(1.62%)均偏高,对浅层地下水具有潜在的威胁。

Studies on Distribution Characteristics of Different Fluorine in Surrounding Typical Soil Profile of the Fluorides Factory in JiaoZuo City

Soil Fluorine is the main source of food and groundwater.The study of the chemical composition and distribution characteristics of soil Fluorine is instructional significance for our understanding etiology of Endemic Fluorosis,food safety and groundwater quality.Taking the farmland soil around a fluorine factory in Jiaozuo City as an example,using the way of alkali fusion and continuous grading extraction,the distribution characteristics of Fluorine was studied in the soil profile polluted by human.The result showed that the content of total Fluorine in the typical soil profile was much greater than the average level of China(the average content in soil is 440 mg kg-1).Soil Fluorine was light(near middle) pollution.The content of Fluorine decreased with the depth increasing,and it has obvious surface accumulation characteristic.According to their content,the different combined forms of Fluorine confirmed the rule:Residual-F>Or-F>Ws-F>Ex-F>Fe/ Mn-F.Ws-F and the ratio of Ws-F/total Fluorine(1.62%) in the researched area were both higher,and they have potential threaten to shallow groundwater.