仙山湖国家湿地公园生态系统服务功能价值评估

随着对湿地生态系统研究的深入，小尺度湿地生态系统的服务功能价值越来越受到重视。本研究以浙江长兴仙山湖湿地生态系统为例，在功能载体定位和受益人分析的基础上，运用影子工程法、旅行费用法、市场价值法、生态估值法和碳税法等多种方法对仙山湖湿地生态系统服务功能价值进行估算。结果表明：仙山湖湿地服务功能总价值为1.92×108元/a，单位面积价值为13.76×104元/hm2·a；蓄洪控水功能价值最高，达到6.9×107元/ a，其次是生态产出和滞留污染功能，二者单位面积的分别为2.82×104元/hm2·a和2.61×104/hm2·a；价值最低的是供给水源功能，仅为4.40×106元/a。

Evaluation on the Ecosystem Services of Xianshan Lake National Wetland Park

Relative to former ages, more and more information about wetland ecosystem has been detected, but small-scale wetlands have not attacted enough attention, hence still activate new interests. In the present study, Xianshan Lake national wetland park was evaluated as a samll-scale sample for ecosystem servies therein on the basis of clear functional loaders and benefit-receivers. According to methods of shadowing project, traveling expenses, market valuation, ecological valuation, and carbon tax, etc., evaluated were wetland ecosystem services of Xianshan Lake national wetland park. Results presented that:the sum of all cosystem services locally was evaluated to be 0.192 billions of RMB, whilst annual value per hactare was 0.1376 millions of RMB;the function of flooding regulation was evaluated to have the highest price of 69 millions of RMB, followed by functions of ecological productivity and pollution degrading, whose unit-area-values were estimated to be 28.2 thousands of RMB hm-2 a-1 and 26.1 thousands of RMB hm-2 a-1, respecitvely; the function of the water supply was evaluated to account for the lowest proportion of total value, which was estimated to be only 4400 thousands RMB a-1.