紫花苜蓿花粉和胚珠与种子产量的关系*

 紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）是世界农牧业发展中极为重要的一种豆科牧草。通过对10个紫花苜蓿品种的花粉数量、胚珠数、花粉-胚珠比、花粉活力和种子产量进行了研究，结果表明紫花苜蓿每小花花粉数量（r = 0.89, P < 0.05）和胚珠数（r = 0.90, P <0.05）与种子产量呈显著正相关，每小花胚珠数与每荚种子数呈显著正相关（r = 0.89, P < 0.05）。各紫花苜蓿品种的花粉活力差异较大，变化范围为50.56%~80.76%。紫花苜蓿的花粉-胚珠比为 3 171.79～5 759.64 之间，该物种的繁育系统属于专性异交类型。

Interrelations among Pollen, Ovule and Seed Yield in Alfalfa

Alfalfa is important legume forage in the development of farming and stock in the world.The number of pollens,number of ovule,pollen-ovule ratio,pollen viability and seed yield characteristics of 10 alfalfas were studied in this paper.The results showed that there were significant correlations between the number of pollens per flower and seed yield per hm2(r = 0.89,P < 0.05),between the number of ovules per flower and seed yield per hm2(r = 0.90,P < 0.05)and between the number of ovules per flower and the number of seeds per pod(r = 0.90,P < 0.05).The pollen viability varied from 50.56% to 80.76% in 10 alfalfas and the pollen-ovule ratio varied from 3171.79 to 5759.64 in 10 alfalfas.The breeding system of alfalfa is obligate xenogamy.