有机改良剂对猕猴桃产量、品质及经济效益的影响

探究有机改良剂施用对猕猴桃产量、品质及经济效益的影响,为低产猕猴桃园增产提质增效提供科学参考。在贵州省修文县低产猕猴桃园进行了大田试验,设置不施改良剂对照(T1)、生物质炭改良剂(T2)、椰糠改良剂(T3)和自制复配改良剂I(T4)和自制复配改良剂II(T5)处理,测试施用有机改良剂后猕猴桃产量、品质和经济效益的差异。结果表明,施用有机改良剂提升了猕猴桃产量,以生物质炭和自制改良剂II效果最佳,分别增产23.5%和32.1%。施用有机改良剂处理猕猴桃单株果数提升,单果质量降低。施用有机改良剂提升了猕猴桃商品果率,其中生物质炭和自制改良剂I处理商品果率分别提升6.0个百分点和8.0个百分点。施用有机改良剂促进了猕猴桃干物质积累和糖度提升,并显著提升了猕猴桃蛋白质和矿质P、矿质K含量提升。从经济效益来看,施用生物质炭改良剂和自制复配改良剂I处理猕猴桃产值和利润均有提升；从利润率和投资回报率来看,与不施改良剂对照处理比较,仅施用生物质炭处理猕猴桃利润率和投资回报率有所提升,分别增长5.8个百分点和21.8个百分点。总体来看,采用生物质炭改良剂能够实现贵州修文低产猕猴桃园增产、提质、增效的多赢。

Effects of Organic Soil Amendment on Yield, Quality and Econimic Benefit of Kiwifruit

To investigate the effects of organic improver application on kiwifruit yield, quality and economic benefits, and to provide scientific reference for increasing yield and improving quality and efficiency in low-yielding kiwifruit orchards. A field experiment was conducted in low-yielding kiwifruit orchards in Xiuwen County, Guizhou Province, with no amendment control (T1), biomass charcoal amendment (T2), coconut coir amendment (T3) and homemade compound amendment I (T4) and homemade compound amendment II (T5) treatments to test the differences in kiwifruit yield, quality and economic benefits after the application of organic amendments. The results showed that the application of organic amendments enhanced kiwifruit yield, with the best effect of biomass charcoal and homemade amendment II, which increased yield by 23.5% and 32.1%, respectively. The number of fruits per plant was improved and the quality of fruits per plant was reduced in kiwifruit treated with organic amendments. The application of organic amendments increased the commercial fruit rate of kiwifruit, with 6.0 and 8.0 percentage points increase in commercial fruit rate for biomass charcoal and homemade amendment I treatments, respectively. The application of organic improver promoted dry matter accumulation and sugar content enhancement of kiwifruit, and significantly enhanced protein and mineral P and mineral K content enhancement of kiwifruit. In terms of economic benefits, kiwifruit production value and profit were increased in both the application of biomass charcoal improver and homemade compound improver I treatment; in terms of profitability and return on investment, only the profitability and return on investment of kiwifruit treated with biomass charcoal increased compared with the control treatment without improver, by 5.8 percentage points and 21.8 percentage points, respectively. Overall, the adoption of biomass charcoal amendment in low-yielding kiwifruit orchards in Xiuwen, Guizhou, was able to achieve a multi-win situation in terms of increased kiwifruit yield, improved quality, and increased efficiency.