Diversity and health status specific fluctuations of intrauterine microbial communities in postpartum dairy cows |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria;2. Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria;1. Cognosco, Anexa Animal Health, Morrinsville, New Zealand;2. Epicentre, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand;3. AgResearch, Hopkirk Research Institute, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand;4. HJ Tasty Free Range Ltd, Pokeno, New Zealand;5. Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada;1. Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria;2. Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria;3. Cátedra y Servicio de Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (FCV-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina;4. Centre for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department/Clinic for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria;1. Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium;2. Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium;1. Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 68, DK-1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark;2. National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bülowsvej 27, DK-1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark;3. Landbrugets Veterinære Konsulenttjeneste, Fynsvej 8, DK-9500, Hobro, Denmark;1. University Clinic for Ruminants, Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria;2. Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany;3. Centre for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria;1. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark;2. National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksberg, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | For the interpretation of clinical findings of endometritis and the development of disease prevention and intervention strategies a better understanding of the dynamics and interactions within intrauterine bacterial communities in healthy and diseased cows is required. To gain deeper insights into fluctuations within the uterine microbiota, intrauterine samples were collected from 122 cows at the day of calving, days 3, 9, 15, 21 and 28 postpartum. A total of 2052 bacterial isolates were identified by Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy. This culturomics-based approach showed that the aerobic uterine microflora comprised a huge diversity of bacteria belonging to 202 different species, representing 76 genera, with members of the genus Staphylococcus (24.2%) being predominant. On species level the uterine microflora was dominated by Trueperella pyogenes (13.2%), Escherichia coli (11.2%), Staphylococcus xylosus (5.4%), Bacillus pumilus (5.2%) and Streptococcus uberis (4.9%). Comparative analysis of uterine bacteria from cows with different vaginal discharge scores (VDS) revealed health status specific temporal microbial diversifications. Although the intrauterine flora of all VDS groups was dominated by T. pyogenes, E. coli and Staphylococcus spp., the relative number of bacteria differed between VDS groups. The presence of T. pyogenes on days 15 and 21 significantly increased the risk of VDS 2 and 3 at day 21, whereas Staphylococci at day 9 reduced the likelihood of VDS 3 (P < 0.05). This study demonstrates that intrauterine bacterial infections are highly dynamic processes and that bacterial species follow specific patterns of progression, which require further research to decipher their potential role in uterine disease development. |
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| Keywords: | Intrauterine infection Uterine microbial diversity FTIR spectroscopy Microbial community dynamics |
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