Emission of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from pig fattening farms to surrounding areas |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, 37, K.B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata - 700037, WB, India;2. Eastern Regional Station, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Belgachia, Kolkata - 700037, WB, India;3. Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, 37, K.B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata - 700037, WB, India;4. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.;1. Institut universitaire romand de Santé au Travail (Institute for Work and Health), Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, CH-1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland;3. SUISAG, SGD - SSP Berne –Suisse Romande, CH-1350 Orbe, Switzerland;4. Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland;1. Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-products of Agricultural Ministry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China;2. Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China;3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China |
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| Abstract: | The presence of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in livestock such as pigs has been known for some time. However, to date there is little information about the transmission of these resistant bacteria between pig farms and their surroundings. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore this topic by investigating seven German pig fattening farms. Samples from outside (including ground surfaces, ambient air, slurry and digestate from biogas plants) and, in parallel, from inside the pig barns (including pig feces, dust, barn air, flies and mice feces) were examined for ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli and selected isolates were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. 14/17 (82.4%) slurry samples and three of four samples of digestate from biogas plants tested positive for ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli. In the vicinity of the pig barns these resistant bacteria were detected in 14/87 (16.1%) boot swabs taken from various ground surfaces and in 2/36 (6%) ambient air samples. Inside the pig barns, 6/63 (9.5%) barn air samples and a small proportion of flies and mice feces samples were ESBL/AmpC-positive. PFGE analysis proved fecal emission as well as a possible spread via flies, as identical ESBL-E. coli isolates were detected in slurry and on fertilized fields, as well as in flies and pooled feces from inside the barn and slurry. Contaminated slurry presented the major emission source for ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli in the pig fattening farms, but a spread via the airborne route or via different vectors also seems possible. |
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| Keywords: | Pig husbandry Antimicrobial resistance Environment Slurry ESBL Emission |
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